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Record 10112025 · captured 2026-08-25

Monday, 10 November 2025

The world looked up Frankenstein (2025 film). 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

← 2025-11-09 Monday, 10 November 2025 2025-11-11 →

Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 373,070views

    Frankenstein (2025 film)

    Frankenstein is a 2025 American Gothic science fiction horror film written, co-produced, and directed by Guillermo del Toro, based on the 1818 novel by Mary Shelley. The film stars Oscar Isaac as Victor Frankenstein and Jacob Elordi as the Creature, with Mia G

  2. 308,032views

    Google Chrome

    Google Chrome is a cross-platform web browser developed by Google. It was launched in September 2008 for Microsoft Windows and was built with free software components from Apple WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. Versions for Linux, macOS, iOS, iPadOS, and Android we

  3. 306,711views

    James A. Garfield

    James Abram Garfield was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 1881 until his death in September that year after being shot in July. A preacher, lawyer, and Civil War general, Garfield served nine terms in the United States House of Repre

  4. 302,475views

    Pluribus (TV series)

    Pluribus is an American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series created by Vince Gilligan for Apple TV. Set and filmed primarily in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the series follows novelist Carol Sturka, who finds herself isolated after an alien virus tr

  5. 292,371views

    Zohran Mamdani

    Zohran Kwame Mamdani is an American politician who has served since 2026 as the 112th mayor of New York City. A member of the Democratic Party and the Democratic Socialists of America, he represented the 36th district in the New York State Assembly from 2021 t

  6. 179,211views

    Predator: Badlands

    Predator: Badlands is a 2025 American science fiction action film directed by Dan Trachtenberg and written by Patrick Aison from a story by Trachtenberg and Aison. It is the seventh installment in the Predator franchise and set after the events of The Predator

  7. 170,440views

    Jacob Elordi

    Jacob Nathaniel Elordi is an Australian actor. His accolades include a Critics' Choice Award and three AACTA Awards, in addition to nominations for an Academy Award, three British Academy Film Awards and two Golden Globe Awards.

  8. 154,120views

    Frankenstein

    Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus is an 1818 Gothic novel written by English author Mary Shelley. Frankenstein tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist who creates a sapient creature from different body parts in an unorthodox scientific

  9. 133,071views

    Lists of deaths by year

    This is a list of lists of deaths of significant people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month and then linked below.

  10. 132,271views

    Chester A. Arthur

    Chester Alan Arthur was the 21st president of the United States, serving from 1881 to 1885. A Republican from New York, he served as the 20th vice president under President James A. Garfield in 1881, assuming the presidency after Garfield's assassination. Arth

  11. 129,724views

    Nikki Glaser

    Nicole Rene Glaser is an American stand-up comedian and actress. She has had five television stand-up specials, hosted numerous award shows, and performed at numerous televised roasts, gaining significant popularity for her set on The Roast of Tom Brady. Previ

  12. 122,057views

    Charles J. Guiteau

    Charles Julius Guiteau was an American office seeker who assassinated the 20th President of the United States, James A. Garfield, in 1881. A failed lawyer suffering from mental illness, Guiteau delusionally believed he had played a major role in Garfield's ele

  13. 118,775views

    Meg White

    Megan Martha White is an American musician who was the drummer and occasional vocalist of the rock duo the White Stripes. She was a key artist of the 2000s indie and garage rock movements, noted for her minimalist drumming style and reserved public persona. Th

  14. 111,275views

    Mia Goth

    Mia Gypsy Mello da Silva Goth is a British actress and model. After modelling as a teenager, Goth made her acting debut in the erotic drama Nymphomaniac (2013). She earned recognition with the films A Cure for Wellness (2016), High Life (2018), Suspiria (2018)

  15. 108,019views

    Rama Duwaji

    Rama Sawaf Duwaji is an American animator, illustrator, and ceramist. As the wife of Mayor Zohran Mamdani, she has been the first lady of New York City since January 2026.

  16. 106,054views

    Ed Gein

    Edward Theodore Gein, also known as the Butcher of Plainfield and the Plainfield Ghoul, was an American murderer and body snatcher. His crimes, committed around his hometown of Plainfield, Wisconsin, gathered widespread notoriety in 1957 after authorities disc

  17. 104,249views

    Fuck

    Fuck is a profanity in the English language. It often refers to the act of sexual intercourse, but it is most commonly used as an intensifier or to convey disdain. While its origin is obscure, it is usually considered to be first attested to around 1475. In mo

  18. 97,648views

    6-7

    6-7 was an Internet meme, slang term, and gesture that became popular in 2025 on TikTok and Instagram Reels. It has no fixed meaning.

  19. 92,844views

    Mira Nair

    Mira Nair is an Indian American filmmaker. She has received two prizes from the Cannes Film Festival and four from the Venice Film Festival, as well as nominations for an Academy Award, two BAFTA Awards, a Golden Globe, and two César Awards.

  20. 86,669views

    Paul Tagliabue

    Paul John Tagliabue was an American lawyer who was the commissioner of the National Football League (NFL). He took the position in 1989 and served until September 1, 2006. He had previously served as a lawyer for the NFL.

  21. 83,952views

    Claudia Winkleman

    Claudia Anne Irena Winkleman is an English broadcaster and writer. She co-presented the BBC One dance competition Strictly Come Dancing (2010–2025) and hosts the BBC One reality series The Traitors (2022–present), the latter of which won her a BAFTA award in 2

  22. 83,296views

    1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre

    Protests led by students and workers, known in China as the June Fourth Incident, were held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, from 15 April to 4 June 1989. After weeks of unsuccessful attempts between the demonstrators and the Chinese government to find a

  23. 81,395views

    2025 Formula One World Championship

    The 2025 FIA Formula One World Championship was a motor racing championship for Formula One cars and the 76th running of the Formula One World Championship. It was recognised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), the governing body of interna

  24. 81,268views

    All Her Fault

    All Her Fault is a mystery thriller television miniseries for Peacock starring Sarah Snook, Jake Lacy, and Dakota Fanning. It is based on the 2021 novel of the same name by Andrea Mara. The series premiered on November 6, 2025, and received generally positive

  25. 78,489views

    Sombr

    Shane Michael Boose, known professionally as Sombr, is an American singer-songwriter and musician. He released his debut single, "Nothing Left to Say", in 2021 and his first extended play (EP) In Another Life in 2023, through Warner Records and his own imprint

  26. 76,876views

    2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election

    Legislative Assembly elections were held in Bihar from 30 April and 7 May 2025, to elect the 243 members of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. The votes were counted and the results were declared on 16 May 2025.

  27. 76,158views

    League of Legends World Championship

    The League of Legends World Championship is the annual professional League of Legends world championship tournament hosted by Riot Games and is the culmination of each season. Teams compete for the champion title, the 22-pound (10-kilogram) Summoner's Cup, and

  28. 76,089views

    Hong Kong Sixes

    The Hong Kong Sixes is an international six-a-side cricket tournament held annually in Hong Kong. Organised by Cricket Hong Kong, China and sanctioned by International Cricket Council, it features short-format matches designed to promote fast-paced, high-scori

  29. 75,369views

    XXX

    XXX may refer to:

  30. 73,517views

    Death by Lightning

    Death by Lightning is an American historical drama miniseries created by Mike Makowsky and based on the 2011 book Destiny of the Republic by Candice Millard. It stars Michael Shannon as United States President James A. Garfield and Matthew Macfadyen as his ass

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 698points

    XSLT RIP

    464 comments

  2. 658points

    Unexpected things that are people

    300 comments

  3. 616points

    Time to start de-Appling

    438 comments

  4. 540points

    Work after work: Notes from an unemployed new grad watching the job market break

    471 comments

  5. 436points

    The lazy Git UI you didn't know you need

    222 comments

  6. 400points

    Vibe Code Warning – A personal casestudy

    313 comments

  7. 392points

    LLMs are steroids for your Dunning-Kruger

    298 comments

  8. 372points

    Redmond, WA, turns off Flock Safety cameras after ICE arrests

    418 comments

  9. 320points

    Honda: 2 years of ml vs 1 month of prompting - heres what we learned

    108 comments

  10. 298points

    How cops can get your private online data

    66 comments

  11. 281points

    High-performance 2D graphics rendering on the CPU using sparse strips [pdf]

    35 comments

  12. 273points

    Sued by Nintendo

    80 comments

  13. 268points

    DNS Provider Quad9 Sees Piracy Blocking Orders as "Existential Threat"

    116 comments

  14. 267points

    Beets: The music geek’s media organizer

    121 comments

  15. 244points

    Realtime BART Arrival Display

    52 comments

  16. 243points

    Spatial intelligence is AI’s next frontier

    127 comments

  17. 232points

    How the UK lost its shipbuilding industry

    509 comments

  18. 223points

    Microsoft's lack of quality control is out of control

    227 comments

  19. 213points

    Asus Ascent GX10

    197 comments

  20. 190points

    Using Generative AI in Content Production

    150 comments

  21. 185points

    LLM policy?

    138 comments

  22. 173points

    Europe to decide if 6 GHz is shared between Wi-Fi and cellular networks

    245 comments

  23. 172points

    Show HN: Tiny Diffusion – A character-level text diffusion model from scratch

    20 comments

  24. 163points

    Reminder to passengers ahead of move to 100% digital boarding passes

    332 comments

  25. 162points

    Omnilingual ASR: Advancing automatic speech recognition for 1600 languages

    45 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv2511.07701

    Diffusion Guided Adversarial State Perturbations in Reinforcement Learning

    Reinforcement learning (RL) systems, while achieving remarkable success across various domains, are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. This is especially a concern in vision-based environments where minor manipulations of high-dimensional image inputs can easily mislead the agent's behavior. To this end, various defenses have been proposed recently, with state-of-the-art approaches achieving robust performance even u

    Xiaolin Sun, Feidi Liu, Zhengming Ding, ZiZhan Zheng

  2. arXiv2511.07691

    CAPO: Confidence Aware Preference Optimization Learning for Multilingual Preferences

    Preference optimization is a critical post-training technique used to align large language models (LLMs) with human preferences, typically by fine-tuning on ranked response pairs. While methods like Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have proven effective in English, they often fail to generalize robustly to multilingual settings. We propose a simple yet effective alternative, Confidence-Aware Preference Optimizati

    Rhitabrat Pokharel, Yufei Tao, Ameeta Agrawal

  3. arXiv2511.07690

    Towards AI-Assisted Generation of Military Training Scenarios

    Achieving expert-level performance in simulation-based training relies on the creation of complex, adaptable scenarios, a traditionally laborious and resource intensive process. Although prior research explored scenario generation for military training, pre-LLM AI tools struggled to generate sufficiently complex or adaptable scenarios. This paper introduces a multi-agent, multi-modal reasoning framework that leverage

    Soham Hans, Volkan Ustun, Benjamin Nye, James Sterrett et al.

  4. arXiv2511.07689

    Stress Testing Factual Consistency Metrics for Long-Document Summarization

    Evaluating the factual consistency of abstractive text summarization remains a significant challenge, particularly for long documents, where conventional metrics struggle with input length limitations and long-range dependencies. In this work, we systematically evaluate the reliability of six widely used reference-free factuality metrics, originally proposed for short-form summarization, in the long-document setting.

    Zain Muhammad Mujahid, Dustin Wright, Isabelle Augenstein

  5. arXiv2511.07685

    ResearchRubrics: A Benchmark of Prompts and Rubrics For Evaluating Deep Research Agents

    Deep Research (DR) is an emerging agent application that leverages large language models (LLMs) to address open-ended queries. It requires the integration of several capabilities, including multi-step reasoning, cross-document synthesis, and the generation of evidence-backed, long-form answers. Evaluating DR remains challenging because responses are lengthy and diverse, admit many valid solutions, and often depend on

    Manasi Sharma, Chen Bo Calvin Zhang, Chaithanya Bandi, Clinton Wang et al.

  6. arXiv2511.07682

    Designing and Evaluating Malinowski's Lens: An AI-Native Educational Game for Ethnographic Learning

    This study introduces 'Malinowski's Lens', the first AI-native educational game for anthropology that transforms Bronislaw Malinowski's 'Argonauts of the Western Pacific' (1922) into an interactive learning experience. The system combines Retrieval-Augmented Generation with DALL-E 3 text-to-image generation, creating consistent VGA-style visuals as players embody Malinowski during his Trobriand Islands fieldwork (191

    Michael Hoffmann, Jophin John, Jan Fillies, Adrian Paschke

  7. arXiv2511.07678

    AIA Forecaster: Technical Report

    This technical report describes the AIA Forecaster, a Large Language Model (LLM)-based system for judgmental forecasting using unstructured data. The AIA Forecaster approach combines three core elements: agentic search over high-quality news sources, a supervisor agent that reconciles disparate forecasts for the same event, and a set of statistical calibration techniques to counter behavioral biases in large language

    Rohan Alur, Bradly C. Stadie, Daniel Kang, Ryan Chen et al.

  8. arXiv2511.07677

    Speech Separation for Hearing-Impaired Children in the Classroom

    Classroom environments are particularly challenging for children with hearing impairments, where background noise, multiple talkers, and reverberation degrade speech perception. These difficulties are greater for children than adults, yet most deep learning speech separation models for assistive devices are developed using adult voices in simplified, low-reverberation conditions. This overlooks both the higher spectr

    Feyisayo Olalere, Kiki van der Heijden, H. Christiaan Stronks, Jeroen Briaire et al.

  9. arXiv2601.07838

    A survey: Information search time optimization based on RAG (Retrieval Augmentation Generation) chatbot

    Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) based chatbots are not only useful for information retrieval through questionanswering but also for making complex decisions based on injected private data.we present a survey on how much search time can be saved when retrieving complex information within an organization called "X Systems"(a stealth mode company) by using a RAG-based chatbot compared to traditional search methods.

    Jinesh Patel, Arpit Malhotra, Ajay Pande, Prateek Caire

  10. arXiv2511.07669

    Making LLMs Reliable When It Matters Most: A Five-Layer Architecture for High-Stakes Decisions

    Current large language models (LLMs) excel in verifiable domains where outputs can be checked before action but prove less reliable for high-stakes strategic decisions with uncertain outcomes. This gap, driven by mutually reinforcing cognitive biases in both humans and artificial intelligence (AI) systems, threatens the defensibility of valuations and sustainability of investments in the sector. This report describes

    Alejandro R. Jadad

  11. arXiv2511.07667

    AI-Driven Contribution Evaluation and Conflict Resolution: A Framework & Design for Group Workload Investigation

    The equitable assessment of individual contribution in teams remains a persistent challenge, where conflict and disparity in workload can result in unfair performance evaluation, often requiring manual intervention - a costly and challenging process. We survey existing tool features and identify a gap in conflict resolution methods and AI integration. To address this, we propose a framework and implementation design

    Jakub Slapek, Mir Seyedebrahimi, Jianhua Yang

  12. arXiv2511.07665

    FractalCloud: A Fractal-Inspired Architecture for Efficient Large-Scale Point Cloud Processing

    Three-dimensional (3D) point clouds are increasingly used in applications such as autonomous driving, robotics, and virtual reality (VR). Point-based neural networks (PNNs) have demonstrated strong performance in point cloud analysis, originally targeting small-scale inputs. However, as PNNs evolve to process large-scale point clouds with hundreds of thousands of points, all-to-all computation and global memory acces

    Yuzhe Fu, Changchun Zhou, Hancheng Ye, Bowen Duan et al.

  13. arXiv2511.07663

    Cortex AISQL: A Production SQL Engine for Unstructured Data

    Snowflake's Cortex AISQL is a production SQL engine that integrates native semantic operations directly into SQL. This integration allows users to write declarative queries that combine relational operations with semantic reasoning, enabling them to query both structured and unstructured data effortlessly. However, making semantic operations efficient at production scale poses fundamental challenges. Semantic operati

    Paweł Liskowski, Benjamin Han, Paritosh Aggarwal, Bowei Chen et al.

  14. arXiv2511.07659

    Revisiting NLI: Towards Cost-Effective and Human-Aligned Metrics for Evaluating LLMs in Question Answering

    Evaluating answers from state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) is challenging: lexical metrics miss semantic nuances, whereas "LLM-as-Judge" scoring is computationally expensive. We re-evaluate a lightweight alternative -- off-the-shelf Natural Language Inference (NLI) scoring augmented by a simple lexical-match flag and find that this decades-old technique matches GPT-4o's accuracy (89.9%) on long-form QA, wh

    Sai Shridhar Balamurali, Lu Cheng

  15. arXiv2511.07649

    Adaptive Graph Learning with Transformer for Multi-Reservoir Inflow Prediction

    Reservoir inflow prediction is crucial for water resource management, yet existing approaches mainly focus on single-reservoir models that ignore spatial dependencies among interconnected reservoirs. We introduce AdaTrip as an adaptive, time-varying graph learning framework for multi-reservoir inflow forecasting. AdaTrip constructs dynamic graphs where reservoirs are nodes with directed edges reflecting hydrological

    Pengfei Hu, Ming Fan, Xiaoxue Han, Chang Lu et al.

  16. arXiv2511.07645

    A Self-Improving Architecture for Dynamic Safety in Large Language Models

    Context: Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on static, pre-deployment safety mechanisms that cannot adapt to adversarial threats discovered after release. Objective: To design a software architecture enabling LLM-based systems to autonomously detect safety failures and synthesize defense policies at runtime, without retraining or manual intervention. Method: We propose the Self-Improving Safety Framework (SISF), groun

    Tyler Slater

  17. arXiv2511.07637

    Private-RAG: Answering Multiple Queries with LLMs while Keeping Your Data Private

    Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by retrieving documents from an external corpus at inference time. When this corpus contains sensitive information, however, unprotected RAG systems are at risk of leaking private information. Prior work has introduced differential privacy (DP) guarantees for RAG, but only in single-query settings, which fall short of realistic usage. In this

    Ruihan Wu, Erchi Wang, Zhiyuan Zhang, Yu-Xiang Wang

  18. arXiv2511.07629

    Partial Action Replacement: Tackling Distribution Shift in Offline MARL

    Offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is severely hampered by the challenge of evaluating out-of-distribution (OOD) joint actions. Our core finding is that when the behavior policy is factorized - a common scenario where agents act fully or partially independently during data collection - a strategy of partial action replacement (PAR) can significantly mitigate this challenge. PAR updates a single or part

    Yue Jin, Giovanni Montana

  19. arXiv2511.07603

    One Router to Route Them All: Homogeneous Expert Routing for Heterogeneous Graph Transformers

    A common practice in heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs) is to condition parameters on node/edge types, assuming types reflect semantic roles. However, this can cause overreliance on surface-level labels and impede cross-type knowledge transfer. We explore integrating Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) into HGNNs--a direction underexplored despite MoE's success in homogeneous settings. Crucially, we question the need f

    Georgiy Shakirov, Albert Arakelov

  20. arXiv2511.07593

    Leveraging the Power of AI and Social Interactions to Restore Trust in Public Polls

    The emergence of crowdsourced data has significantly reshaped social science, enabling extensive exploration of collective human actions, viewpoints, and societal dynamics. However, ensuring safe, fair, and reliable participation remains a persistent challenge. Traditional polling methods have seen a notable decline in engagement over recent decades, raising concerns about the credibility of collected data. Meanwhile

    Amr Akmal Abouelmagd, Amr Hilal

  21. arXiv2511.07587

    Beyond Fact Retrieval: Episodic Memory for RAG with Generative Semantic Workspaces

    Large Language Models (LLMs) face fundamental challenges in long-context reasoning: many documents exceed their finite context windows, while performance on texts that do fit degrades with sequence length, necessitating their augmentation with external memory frameworks. Current solutions, which have evolved from retrieval using semantic embeddings to more sophisticated structured knowledge graphs representations for

    Shreyas Rajesh, Pavan Holur, Chenda Duan, David Chong et al.

  22. arXiv2511.07585

    LLM Output Drift: Cross-Provider Validation & Mitigation for Financial Workflows

    Financial institutions deploy Large Language Models (LLMs) for reconciliations, regulatory reporting, and client communications, but nondeterministic outputs (output drift) undermine auditability and trust. We quantify drift across five model architectures (7B-120B parameters) on regulated financial tasks, revealing a stark inverse relationship: smaller models (Granite-3-8B, Qwen2.5-7B) achieve 100% output consistenc

    Raffi Khatchadourian, Rolando Franco

  23. arXiv2511.07584

    SemanticForge: Repository-Level Code Generation through Semantic Knowledge Graphs and Constraint Satisfaction

    Large language models (LLMs) have transformed software development by enabling automated code generation, yet they frequently suffer from systematic errors that limit practical deployment. We identify two critical failure modes: \textit{logical hallucination} (incorrect control/data-flow reasoning) and \textit{schematic hallucination} (type mismatches, signature violations, and architectural inconsistencies). These e

    Wuyang Zhang, Chenkai Zhang, Zhen Luo, Jianming Ma et al.

  24. arXiv2511.07581

    Think Before You Retrieve: Learning Test-Time Adaptive Search with Small Language Models

    Effective information retrieval requires reasoning over partial evidence and refining strategies as information emerges. Yet current approaches fall short: neural retrievers lack reasoning capabilities, large language models (LLMs) provide semantic depth but at prohibitive cost, and query rewriting or decomposition limits improvement to static transformations. As a result, existing methods fail to capture the iterati

    Supriti Vijay, Aman Priyanshu, Anu Vellore, Baturay Saglam et al.

  25. arXiv2511.07568

    Procedural Knowledge Improves Agentic LLM Workflows

    Large language models (LLMs) often struggle when performing agentic tasks without substantial tool support, prom-pt engineering, or fine tuning. Despite research showing that domain-dependent, procedural knowledge can dramatically increase planning efficiency, little work evaluates its potential for improving LLM performance on agentic tasks that may require implicit planning. We formalize, implement, and evaluate an

    Vincent Hsiao, Mark Roberts, Leslie Smith

On this calendar day 16

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2020year

    The British government announced that it had removed the last land mine from the Falkland Islands, laid by Argentine forces during the 1982 Falklands War.

  2. 2009year

    A skirmish occurred between South Korean and North Korean naval ships off Daecheong Island in the Yellow Sea.

  3. 2007year

    At the Ibero-American Summit in Santiago, Chile, King Juan Carlos I of Spain asked Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez "Why don't you shut up?" after Chávez repeatedly interrupted a speech by Spanish prime minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.

  4. 2006year

    Nadarajah Raviraj, a prominent Sri Lankan Tamil politician and human rights lawyer, was assassinated in Colombo.

  5. 1995year

    Writer and environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight others from the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People were executed by the Nigerian military regime led by Sani Abacha.

  6. 1975year

    In Angola, the MPLA decisively defeated the FNLA in the Battle of Quifangondo, while Portugal simultaneously withdrew all its colonial and military personnel from Luanda.

  7. 1975year

    SS Edmund Fitzgerald sank in Lake Superior, claiming all 29 of her crew's lives.

  8. 1969year

    The children's television series Sesame Street premiered in the United States.

  9. 1945year

    Indonesian National Revolution: Following the killing of Brigadier A. W. S. Mallaby on 30 October, British forces retaliated by attacking Surabaya (present-day logo depicted).

  10. 1940year

    An earthquake registering 7.7 Mw struck the Vrancea region of Romania.

  11. 1937year

    Brazilian president Getúlio Vargas led a coup against his own constitutional government, establishing the dictatorial Estado Novo regime.

  12. 1898year

    White supremacists seized power and massacred black Americans during the Wilmington massacre,(newspaper headline depicted) the only instance of a municipal government being overthrown in United States history.

  13. 1871year

    Journalist and explorer Henry Morton Stanley (pictured) located missing missionary and explorer David Livingstone near Lake Tanganyika in present-day Tanzania.

  14. 1865year

    Henry Wirz, the Confederate superintendent of Andersonville Prison, was hanged after a controversial conviction, becoming the only American Civil War officer executed for war crimes.

  15. 1599year

    At the culmination of a Swedish civil war, supporters of the deposed King Sigismund III Vasa were publicly executed in the Åbo Bloodbath.

  16. 1202year

    Fourth Crusade: The Siege of Zara, the first attack on a Catholic city by Catholic crusaders, began in present-day Zadar, Croatia.