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Record 08112025 · captured 2026-08-25

Saturday, 8 November 2025

The world looked up Zohran Mamdani. 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

← 2025-11-07 Saturday, 8 November 2025 2025-11-09 →

Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 704,212views

    Zohran Mamdani

    Zohran Kwame Mamdani is an American politician who has served since 2026 as the 112th mayor of New York City. A member of the Democratic Party and the Democratic Socialists of America, he represented the 36th district in the New York State Assembly from 2021 t

  2. 335,359views

    Google Chrome

    Google Chrome is a cross-platform web browser developed by Google. It was launched in September 2008 for Microsoft Windows and was built with free software components from Apple WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. Versions for Linux, macOS, iOS, iPadOS, and Android we

  3. 305,623views

    Marshawn Kneeland

    Marshawn Kneeland was an American professional football defensive end for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played two seasons with the Cowboys until his death in 2025. Kneeland played college football for the Western Michigan Bronco

  4. 268,166views

    Rama Duwaji

    Rama Sawaf Duwaji is an American animator, illustrator, and ceramist. As the wife of Mayor Zohran Mamdani, she has been the first lady of New York City since January 2026.

  5. 251,649views

    James A. Garfield

    James Abram Garfield was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 1881 until his death in September that year after being shot in July. A preacher, lawyer, and Civil War general, Garfield served nine terms in the United States House of Repre

  6. 248,211views

    Pluribus (TV series)

    Pluribus is an American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series created by Vince Gilligan for Apple TV. Set and filmed primarily in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the series follows novelist Carol Sturka, who finds herself isolated after an alien virus tr

  7. 225,563views

    Mira Nair

    Mira Nair is an Indian American filmmaker. She has received two prizes from the Cannes Film Festival and four from the Venice Film Festival, as well as nominations for an Academy Award, two BAFTA Awards, a Golden Globe, and two César Awards.

  8. 183,128views

    Jaafar Jackson

    Jaafar Jeremiah Jackson is an American actor and singer. A member of the Jackson family, he released his debut single "Got Me Singing" in 2019 but gained popularity for portraying his uncle Michael Jackson in the record-breaking biographical film Michael (2026

  9. 181,351views

    Frankenstein (2025 film)

    Frankenstein is a 2025 American Gothic science fiction horror film written, co-produced, and directed by Guillermo del Toro, based on the 1818 novel by Mary Shelley. The film stars Oscar Isaac as Victor Frankenstein and Jacob Elordi as the Creature, with Mia G

  10. 180,759views

    Pauline Collins

    Pauline Angela Collins was a British actress who first rose to fame portraying Sarah Moffat in Upstairs, Downstairs (1971–1973) and its spin-off Thomas & Sarah (1979). In 1992, she published her autobiography, Letter to Louise.

  11. 168,905views

    Predator: Badlands

    Predator: Badlands is a 2025 American science fiction action film directed by Dan Trachtenberg and written by Patrick Aison from a story by Trachtenberg and Aison. It is the seventh installment in the Predator franchise and set after the events of The Predator

  12. 165,350views

    Mahmood Mamdani

    Mahmood Mamdani is a Ugandan anthropologist, academic, and political commentator. He is the Herbert Lehman Professor of Government and a professor of anthropology, political science, and African studies at Columbia University. He also served as the chancellor

  13. 154,132views

    Michael (2026 film)

    Michael is a 2026 biographical film directed by Antoine Fuqua and written by John Logan. It follows the early life of the American singer Michael Jackson, from his time with the Jackson 5 in the 1960s to the Bad World Tour in the late 1980s. Jackson is portray

  14. 145,833views

    1xBet

    1xBet is an online gambling company founded in 2007 and licensed by Curaçao eGaming License. 1xBet is one of the largest online casinos in the world. According to Forbes, its turnover exceeded $2 billion in 2020. The company sponsors major professional footbal

  15. 142,465views

    Lists of deaths by year

    This is a list of lists of deaths of significant people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month and then linked below.

  16. 140,983views

    UPS Airlines Flight 2976

    UPS Airlines Flight 2976 was a scheduled domestic cargo flight in the United States from Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport in Louisville, Kentucky, to Honolulu, Hawaii. On November 4, 2025, the McDonnell Douglas MD-11 operating the flight suffered

  17. 135,352views

    Fuck

    Fuck is a profanity in the English language. It often refers to the act of sexual intercourse, but it is most commonly used as an intensifier or to convey disdain. While its origin is obscure, it is usually considered to be first attested to around 1475. In mo

  18. 125,873views

    John Alderton

    John Alderton is an English retired actor. He is best known for his roles in Upstairs, Downstairs, Thomas & Sarah, Wodehouse Playhouse, Little Miss, Please Sir!, No - Honestly and Fireman Sam. Alderton often starred alongside his second wife, Pauline Collins.

  19. 122,505views

    68th Annual Grammy Awards

    The 68th Annual Grammy Awards honored the best recordings, compositions, and artists from August 31, 2024, to August 30, 2025, as chosen by the members of the Recording Academy, on February 1, 2026. In its 23rd year at Crypto.com Arena in Los Angeles and for t

  20. 109,173views

    Antonio Brown

    Antonio Tavaris Brown Sr., nicknamed "AB", is an American former professional football wide receiver who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 12 seasons. During his first nine seasons with the Pittsburgh Steelers, Brown developed a reputation as on

  21. 98,891views

    Chester A. Arthur

    Chester Alan Arthur was the 21st president of the United States, serving from 1881 to 1885. A Republican from New York, he served as the 20th vice president under President James A. Garfield in 1881, assuming the presidency after Garfield's assassination. Arth

  22. 97,669views

    Ed Gein

    Edward Theodore Gein, also known as the Butcher of Plainfield and the Plainfield Ghoul, was an American murderer and body snatcher. His crimes, committed around his hometown of Plainfield, Wisconsin, gathered widespread notoriety in 1957 after authorities disc

  23. 95,819views

    1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre

    Protests led by students and workers, known in China as the June Fourth Incident, were held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, from 15 April to 4 June 1989. After weeks of unsuccessful attempts between the demonstrators and the Chinese government to find a

  24. 95,717views

    Charles J. Guiteau

    Charles Julius Guiteau was an American office seeker who assassinated the 20th President of the United States, James A. Garfield, in 1881. A failed lawyer suffering from mental illness, Guiteau delusionally believed he had played a major role in Garfield's ele

  25. 94,666views

    Vande Mataram

    "Vande Mātaram" is a poem that was adopted as the national song of the Republic of India in 1950. It was written in Bengali by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in the 1870s, and was first published in 1882 as part of Chatterjee's Bengali novel Anandmath.

  26. 94,112views

    6-7

    6-7 was an Internet meme, slang term, and gesture that became popular in 2025 on TikTok and Instagram Reels. It has no fixed meaning.

  27. 94,006views

    2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election

    Legislative Assembly elections were held in Bihar from 30 April and 7 May 2025, to elect the 243 members of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. The votes were counted and the results were declared on 16 May 2025.

  28. 89,511views

    Lio Tipton

    Lio Tipton is an American actor and fashion model. Tipton was the last contestant eliminated on Cycle 11 of America's Next Top Model and played roles in the films Crazy, Stupid, Love (2011), Warm Bodies (2013), and Two Night Stand (2014).

  29. 88,064views

    Nancy Pelosi

    Nancy Patricia Pelosi is an American politician who was the 52nd speaker of the United States House of Representatives, serving from 2007 to 2011 and again from 2019 to 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, she was the first female elected speaker and the fi

  30. 87,238views

    Sydney Sweeney

    Sydney Bernice Sweeney is an American actress. She gained early recognition for her roles in Everything Sucks!, The Handmaid's Tale, and Sharp Objects in 2018. She received wider acclaim for her performances in the drama series Euphoria (2019–2026) and the fir

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 735points

    I Want You to Understand Chicago

    486 comments

  2. 600points

    Ticker: Don't die of heart disease

    488 comments

  3. 534points

    Valdi – A cross-platform UI framework that delivers native performance

    225 comments

  4. 416points

    Study identifies weaknesses in how AI systems are evaluated

    192 comments

  5. 397points

    Largest cargo sailboat completes first Atlantic crossing

    265 comments

  6. 375points

    Ironclad – formally verified, real-time capable, Unix-like OS kernel

    144 comments

  7. 367points

    Marko – A declarative, HTML‑based language

    180 comments

  8. 316points

    The history of Casio watches

    171 comments

  9. 313points

    IP blocking the UK is not enough to comply with the Online Safety Act

    380 comments

  10. 297points

    Apple's "notarisation" – blocking software freedom of developers and users

    174 comments

  11. 290points

    My friends and I accidentally faked the Ryzen 7 9700X3D leaks

    71 comments

  12. 233points

    Avería: The Average Font (2011)

    50 comments

  13. 219points

    Opencloud – An alternative to Nextcloud written in Go

    96 comments

  14. 218points

    Mullvad: Shutting down our search proxy Leta

    140 comments

  15. 210points

    Sam Altman's pants are on fire

    125 comments

  16. 207points

    WriterdeckOS

    115 comments

  17. 204points

    52 Year old data tape could contain Unix history

    77 comments

  18. 194points

    Cerebras Code now supports GLM 4.6 at 1000 tokens/sec

    129 comments

  19. 194points

    Immutable Software Deploys Using ZFS Jails on FreeBSD

    47 comments

  20. 190points

    Btop: A better modern alternative of htop with a gamified interface

    118 comments

  21. 180points

    Making Democracy Work: Fixing and Simplifying Egalitarian Paxos

    56 comments

  22. 172points

    US air traffic controllers start resigning as shutdown bites

    364 comments

  23. 163points

    Building a high-performance ticketing system with TigerBeetle

    45 comments

  24. 156points

    $1T in tech stocks sold off as market grows skeptical of AI

    208 comments

  25. 156points

    Cloudflare scrubs Aisuru botnet from top domains list

    34 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv2511.06161

    LATTLE: LLM Attention Transplant for Transfer Learning of Tabular Data Across Disparate Domains

    Transfer learning on tabular data is challenging due to disparate feature spaces across domains, in contrast to the homogeneous structures of image and text. Large language models (LLMs) offer a knowledge base to improve the limited effectiveness of cross-domain transfer learning for tabular data. However, LLM performance often stagnates due to subjective text prompts and the computational limitations of in-context l

    Ibna Kowsar, Kazi F. Akhter, Manar D. Samad

  2. arXiv2511.06160

    Evaluating Implicit Biases in LLM Reasoning through Logic Grid Puzzles

    While recent safety guardrails effectively suppress overtly biased outputs, subtler forms of social bias emerge during complex logical reasoning tasks that evade current evaluation benchmarks. To fill this gap, we introduce a new evaluation framework, PRIME (Puzzle Reasoning for Implicit Biases in Model Evaluation), that uses logic grid puzzles to systematically probe the influence of social stereotypes on logical re

    Fatima Jahara, Mark Dredze, Sharon Levy

  3. arXiv2511.06157

    Models Got Talent: Identifying High Performing Wearable Human Activity Recognition Models Without Training

    A promising alternative to the computationally expensive Neural Architecture Search (NAS) involves the development of Zero Cost Proxies (ZCPs), which correlate well with trained performance, but can be computed through a single forward/backward pass on a randomly sampled batch of data. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of ZCPs for HAR on six benchmark datasets, and demonstrate that they discover network

    Richard Goldman, Varun Komperla, Thomas Ploetz, Harish Haresamudram

  4. arXiv2511.06148

    Large Language Models Develop Novel Social Biases Through Adaptive Exploration

    As large language models (LLMs) are adopted into frameworks that grant them the capacity to make real decisions, it is increasingly important to ensure that they are unbiased. In this paper, we argue that the predominant approach of simply removing existing biases from models is not enough. Using a paradigm from the psychology literature, we demonstrate that LLMs can spontaneously develop novel social biases about ar

    Addison J. Wu, Ryan Liu, Xuechunzi Bai, Thomas L. Griffiths

  5. arXiv2511.06146

    Referring Expressions as a Lens into Spatial Language Grounding in Vision-Language Models

    Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering. In this work, we propose using the Referring Expression Comprehension task instead as a platform for the evaluation of spatial reasoning by VLMs. This platform provides the opportun

    Akshar Tumu, Varad Shinde, Parisa Kordjamshidi

  6. arXiv2511.20663

    MTTR-A: Measuring Cognitive Recovery Latency in Multi-Agent Systems

    Reliability in multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models is increasingly limited by cognitive failures rather than infrastructure faults. Existing observability tools describe failures but do not quantify how quickly distributed reasoning recovers once coherence is lost. We introduce MTTR-A (Mean Time-to-Recovery for Agentic Systems), a runtime reliability metric that measures cognitive recovery latenc

    Barak Or

  7. arXiv2511.06142

    MALinZero: Efficient Low-Dimensional Search for Mastering Complex Multi-Agent Planning

    Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), which leverages Upper Confidence Bound for Trees (UCTs) to balance exploration and exploitation through randomized sampling, is instrumental to solving complex planning problems. However, for multi-agent planning, MCTS is confronted with a large combinatorial action space that often grows exponentially with the number of agents. As a result, the branching factor of MCTS during tree exp

    Sizhe Tang, Jiayu Chen, Tian Lan

  8. arXiv2511.06136

    When Object-Centric World Models Meet Policy Learning: From Pixels to Policies, and Where It Breaks

    Object-centric world models (OCWM) aim to decompose visual scenes into object-level representations, providing structured abstractions that could improve compositional generalization and data efficiency in reinforcement learning. We hypothesize that explicitly disentangled object-level representations, by localizing task-relevant information, can enhance policy performance across novel feature combinations. To test t

    Stefano Ferraro, Akihiro Nakano, Masahiro Suzuki, Yutaka Matsuo

  9. arXiv2511.07477

    The Polite Liar: Epistemic Pathology in Language Models

    Large language models exhibit a peculiar epistemic pathology: they speak as if they know, even when they do not. This paper argues that such confident fabrication, what I call the polite liar, is a structural consequence of reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). Building on Frankfurt's analysis of bullshit as communicative indifference to truth, I show that this pathology is not deception but structural i

    Bentley DeVilling

  10. arXiv2511.06134

    Maestro: Learning to Collaborate via Conditional Listwise Policy Optimization for Multi-Agent LLMs

    Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on Large Language Models (LLMs) are being used to approach complex problems and can surpass single model inference. However, their success hinges on navigating a fundamental cognitive tension: the need to balance broad, divergent exploration of the solution space with a principled, convergent synthesis to the optimal solution. Existing paradigms often struggle to manage this duality, l

    Wei Yang, Jiacheng Pang, Shixuan Li, Paul Bogdan et al.

  11. arXiv2511.06125

    Evaluation of retrieval-based QA on QUEST-LOFT

    Despite the popularity of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) as a solution for grounded QA in both academia and industry, current RAG methods struggle with questions where the necessary information is distributed across many documents or where retrieval needs to be combined with complex reasoning. Recently, the LOFT study has shown that this limitation also applies to approaches based on long-context language model

    Nathan Scales, Nathanael Schärli, Olivier Bousquet

  12. arXiv2511.15712

    Secure Autonomous Agent Payments: Verifying Authenticity and Intent in a Trustless Environment

    Artificial intelligence (AI) agents are increasingly capable of initiating financial transactions on behalf of users or other agents. This evolution introduces a fundamental challenge: verifying both the authenticity of an autonomous agent and the true intent behind its transactions in a decentralized, trustless environment. Traditional payment systems assume human authorization, but autonomous, agent-led payments re

    Vivek Acharya

  13. arXiv2511.06101

    SynthAgent: Adapting Web Agents with Synthetic Supervision

    Web agents struggle to adapt to new websites due to the scarcity of environment specific tasks and demonstrations. Recent works have explored synthetic data generation to address this challenge, however, they suffer from data quality issues where synthesized tasks contain hallucinations that cannot be executed, and collected trajectories are noisy with redundant or misaligned actions. In this paper, we propose SynthA

    Zhaoyang Wang, Yiming Liang, Xuchao Zhang, Qianhui Wu et al.

  14. arXiv2511.06090

    SWE-fficiency: Can Language Models Optimize Real-World Repositories on Real Workloads?

    Optimizing the performance of large-scale software repositories demands expertise in code reasoning and software engineering (SWE) to reduce runtime while preserving program correctness. However, most benchmarks emphasize what to fix rather than how to fix code. We introduce SWE-fficiency, a benchmark for evaluating repository-level performance optimization on real workloads. Our suite contains 498 tasks across nine

    Jeffrey Jian Ma, Milad Hashemi, Amir Yazdanbakhsh, Kevin Swersky et al.

  15. arXiv2511.06087

    Hybrid CNN-ViT Framework for Motion-Blurred Scene Text Restoration

    Motion blur in scene text images severely impairs readability and hinders the reliability of computer vision tasks, including autonomous driving, document digitization, and visual information retrieval. Conventional deblurring approaches are often inadequate in handling spatially varying blur and typically fall short in modeling the long-range dependencies necessary for restoring textual clarity. To overcome these li

    Umar Rashid, Muhammad Arslan Arshad, Ghulam Ahmad, Muhammad Zeeshan Anjum et al.

  16. arXiv2511.06078

    Simulating Students with Large Language Models: A Review of Architecture, Mechanisms, and Role Modelling in Education with Generative AI

    Simulated Students offer a valuable methodological framework for evaluating pedagogical approaches and modelling diverse learner profiles, tasks which are otherwise challenging to undertake systematically in real-world settings. Recent research has increasingly focused on developing such simulated agents to capture a range of learning styles, cognitive development pathways, and social behaviours. Among contemporary s

    Luis Marquez-Carpintero, Alberto Lopez-Sellers, Miguel Cazorla

  17. arXiv2511.06073

    Stemming Hallucination in Language Models Using a Licensing Oracle

    Language models exhibit remarkable natural language generation capabilities but remain prone to hallucinations, generating factually incorrect information despite producing syntactically coherent responses. This study introduces the Licensing Oracle, an architectural solution designed to stem hallucinations in LMs by enforcing truth constraints through formal validation against structured knowledge graphs. Unlike sta

    Simeon Emanuilov, Richard Ackermann

  18. arXiv2511.06065

    ScRPO: From Errors to Insights

    We introduce Self-correction Relative Policy Optimization (ScRPO), a novel reinforcement learning framework designed to empower large language models with advanced mathematical reasoning capabilities through iterative self-reflection and error correction. The ScRPO framework operates in two distinct phases: (1) Trial-and-error learning stage, where the model is trained via GRPO, and incorrect responses are collected

    Lianrui Li, Dakuan Lu, Jiawei Shao, Xuelong Li

  19. arXiv2511.06064

    A Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning Method with Homomorphic Encryption in Omics Data

    Omics data is widely employed in medical research to identify disease mechanisms and contains highly sensitive personal information. Federated Learning (FL) with Differential Privacy (DP) can ensure the protection of omics data privacy against malicious user attacks. However, FL with the DP method faces an inherent trade-off: stronger privacy protection degrades predictive accuracy due to injected noise. On the other

    Yusaku Negoya, Feifei Cui, Zilong Zhang, Miao Pan et al.

  20. arXiv2511.06044

    How Particle-System Random Batch Methods Enhance Graph Transformer: Memory Efficiency and Parallel Computing Strategy

    Attention mechanism is a significant part of Transformer models. It helps extract features from embedded vectors by adding global information and its expressivity has been proved to be powerful. Nevertheless, the quadratic complexity restricts its practicability. Although several researches have provided attention mechanism in sparse form, they are lack of theoretical analysis about the expressivity of their mechanis

    Hanwen Liu, Yixuan Ma, Shi Jin, Yuguang Wang

  21. arXiv2511.06041

    Advancing Ocean State Estimation with efficient and scalable AI

    Accurate and efficient global ocean state estimation remains a grand challenge for Earth system science, hindered by the dual bottlenecks of computational scalability and degraded data fidelity in traditional data assimilation (DA) and deep learning (DL) approaches. Here we present an AI-driven Data Assimilation Framework for Ocean (ADAF-Ocean) that directly assimilates multi-source and multi-scale observations, rang

    Yanfei Xiang, Yuan Gao, Hao Wu, Quan Zhang et al.

  22. arXiv2511.06033

    S2ML: Spatio-Spectral Mutual Learning for Depth Completion

    The raw depth images captured by RGB-D cameras using Time-of-Flight (TOF) or structured light often suffer from incomplete depth values due to weak reflections, boundary shadows, and artifacts, which limit their applications in downstream vision tasks. Existing methods address this problem through depth completion in the image domain, but they overlook the physical characteristics of raw depth images. It has been obs

    Zihui Zhao, Yifei Zhang, Zheng Wang, Yang Li et al.

  23. arXiv2511.06032

    ITPP: Learning Disentangled Event Dynamics in Marked Temporal Point Processes

    Marked Temporal Point Processes (MTPPs) provide a principled framework for modeling asynchronous event sequences by conditioning on the history of past events. However, most existing MTPP models rely on channel-mixing strategies that encode information from different event types into a single, fixed-size latent representation. This entanglement can obscure type-specific dynamics, leading to performance degradation an

    Wang-Tao Zhou, Zhao Kang, Ke Yan, Ling Tian

  24. arXiv2601.05266

    Retrieval-Augmented Multi-LLM Ensemble for Industrial Part Specification Extraction

    Industrial part specification extraction from unstructured text remains a persistent challenge in manufacturing, procurement, and maintenance, where manual processing is both time-consuming and error-prone. This paper introduces a retrieval-augmented multi-LLM ensemble framework that orchestrates nine state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) within a structured three-phase pipeline. RAGsemble addresses key limit

    Muzakkiruddin Ahmed Mohammed, John R. Talburt, Leon Claasssens, Adriaan Marais

  25. arXiv2511.06019

    MiVID: Multi-Strategic Self-Supervision for Video Frame Interpolation using Diffusion Model

    Video Frame Interpolation (VFI) remains a cornerstone in video enhancement, enabling temporal upscaling for tasks like slow-motion rendering, frame rate conversion, and video restoration. While classical methods rely on optical flow and learning-based models assume access to dense ground-truth, both struggle with occlusions, domain shifts, and ambiguous motion. This article introduces MiVID, a lightweight, self-super

    Priyansh Srivastava, Romit Chatterjee, Abir Sen, Aradhana Behura et al.

On this calendar day 17

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2020year

    Second Nagorno-Karabakh War: Azerbaijani forces defeated the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh in the Battle of Shusha, reclaiming the town after 28 years.

  2. 2017year

    The Louvre Abu Dhabi was inaugurated by the French president Emmanuel Macron and then-crown prince of Abu Dhabi Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan.

  3. 2013year

    Typhoon Haiyan made landfall in the Visayas region of the Philippines, killing at least 6,300 people, making it the deadliest Philippine typhoon recorded in modern history.

  4. 1999year

    German newspaper Der Spiegel publishes a report by the Federal Intelligence Service accusing figures in Liechtenstein of cooperating with organized crime.

  5. 1987year

    A Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb exploded during a Remembrance Sunday ceremony in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, killing 12 people and injuring 63 others.

  6. 1974year

    British peer Lord Lucan disappeared without a trace, a day after allegedly murdering Sandra Rivett, his children's nanny.

  7. 1971year

    English rock group Led Zeppelin released their fourth album, which became one of the best-selling albums worldwide.

  8. 1966year

    Former Massachusetts attorney general Edward Brooke became the first African American elected to the United States Senate since Reconstruction.

  9. 1965year

    Vietnam War: In the Battle of Gang Toi, one of the earliest battles between the two sides, Viet Cong forces repelled an Australian attack.

  10. 1957year

    En route from San Francisco to Honolulu, Pan Am Flight 7 crashed into the Pacific Ocean due to unknown causes, killing all 44 people on board.

  11. 1940year

    The Italian invasion of Greece failed as outnumbered Greek units repulsed the Italians at the Battle of Elaia–Kalamas.

  12. 1932year

    The Australian military withdrew from their "war against emus" in Western Australia, due to negative press coverage of the operation.

  13. 1644year

    The Shunzhi Emperor (portrait shown), the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, was enthroned in Beijing after the collapse of the Ming dynasty as the first Qing emperor to rule over China.

  14. 1520year

    After his coronation as king of Sweden, Christian II (pictured) gave the order to execute nearly 100 people, mostly noblemen, despite promises of general amnesty.

  15. 1291year

    A law was passed that confined most of Venice's glassmaking industry to nearby Murano.

  16. 1278year

    Trần Thánh Tông, the second emperor of Vietnam's Trần dynasty, took up the title of retired emperor, but continued to co-rule with his son Nhân Tông for eleven more years.

  17. 960year

    Arab–Byzantine wars: Having been the target of many raids by the Emirate of Aleppo, Byzantine forces led by Leo Phokas the Younger ambushed the Hamdanids and annihilated their army.