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Record 03022026 · captured 2026-08-25

Tuesday, 3 February 2026

The world looked up Jeffrey Epstein. 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

← 2026-02-02 Tuesday, 3 February 2026 2026-02-04 →

Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 875,619views

    Jeffrey Epstein

    Jeffrey Edward Epstein was an American financier and child sex offender. He began his career as a math teacher at the Dalton School in New York City, before entering the banking and finance sector. Over several decades, he made much of his fortune providing ta

  2. 842,369views

    68th Annual Grammy Awards

    The 68th Annual Grammy Awards honored the best recordings, compositions, and artists from August 31, 2024, to August 30, 2025, as chosen by the members of the Recording Academy, on February 1, 2026. In its 23rd year at Crypto.com Arena in Los Angeles and for t

  3. 626,101views

    Epstein files

    The Epstein files are a partially released collection of millions of documents, images, videos, and emails related to the activities of American financier and convicted child sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, including his social circle of public figures, politici

  4. 520,677views

    Olivia Dean

    Olivia Lauryn Dean is an English singer and songwriter. Her accolades include four Brit Awards and the Grammy Award for Best New Artist.

  5. 389,813views

    Bad Bunny

    Benito Antonio Martínez Ocasio, known professionally as Bad Bunny, is a Puerto Rican rapper, singer and record producer. Dubbed the "King of Latin Trap", he is widely credited with helping Spanish-language rap reach mainstream global popularity and is consider

  6. 286,949views

    Iron Lung (film)

    Iron Lung is a 2026 American independent science fiction horror film starring writer, editor, and director Mark Fischbach in his feature-length directorial debut. It is based on the 2022 video game by David Szymanski. It also stars Caroline Kaplan, Troy Baker,

  7. 259,288views

    Catherine O'Hara

    Catherine Anne O'Hara was a Canadian and American actress and comedian, whose career spanned over 50 years. O'Hara started in sketch and improvisational comedy in film and television before taking dramatic roles to expand her career. She received various accol

  8. 251,444views

    Savannah Guthrie

    Savannah Clark Guthrie is an Australian-American broadcast journalist and attorney. She is a main co-anchor of the NBC News morning show Today, a position she has held since July 2012.

  9. 199,658views

    Chappell Roan

    Kayleigh Rose Amstutz, known professionally as Chappell Roan, is an American singer and songwriter. She is known for her camp and drag queen–influenced style.

  10. 193,591views

    Grammy Awards

    The Grammy Awards, stylized as GRAMMY, and often referred to as the Grammys, are awards presented by the Recording Academy of the United States to recognize outstanding achievements in music. The trophy depicts a gilded gramophone, and the original idea was to

  11. 190,516views

    Dhurandhar

    Dhurandhar is a 2025 Indian Hindi-language spy action thriller film written and directed by Aditya Dhar. It is produced by Aditya Dhar, Lokesh Dhar and Jyoti Deshpande under Jio Studios and B62 Studios. The film features an ensemble cast consisting of Ranveer

  12. 189,068views

    Groundhog Day

    Groundhog Day is a tradition observed regionally in the United States and Canada on February 2 of every year. It derives from the Pennsylvania Dutch superstition that if a groundhog emerges from its burrow on this day and sees its shadow, it will retreat to it

  13. 187,788views

    Ghislaine Maxwell

    Ghislaine Noelle Marion Maxwell is a British convicted child sex trafficker and former socialite. In 2021, she was convicted of child sex trafficking, and in 2022 was sentenced to 20 years in prison.

  14. 164,947views

    Peter Mandelson

    Peter Benjamin Mandelson, Baron Mandelson, is a British former Labour Party politician, lobbyist and diplomat. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Hartlepool from 1992 to 2004. He served in Tony Blair and Gordon Brown's cabinets as Minister without portfo

  15. 159,867views

    Jelly Roll (singer)

    Jason Bradley DeFord, known professionally as Jelly Roll, is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. He began his music career in 2003, and in 2022 rose to mainstream prominence following the release of his singles "Son of a Sinner" and "Need a Favor".

  16. 158,662views

    Spain

    Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Europe and the fourth-most populous European Uni

  17. 151,712views

    Carlos Alcaraz

    Carlos Alcaraz Garfia is a Spanish professional tennis player. He has been ranked world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 66 weeks, and finished as the year-end No. 1 in 2022 and 2025. Alcaraz has won 26 ATP Tour–level

  18. 148,462views

    A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms (TV series)

    A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms is an American fantasy drama television series created by Ira Parker and George R. R. Martin. A prequel to Game of Thrones (2011–2019), it is the third television series in Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire franchise and is an adap

  19. 145,054views

    D'Angelo

    Michael Eugene Archer, better known by his stage name D'Angelo, was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer. Widely regarded as a pioneer of the neo-soul movement, Billboard named him one of the greatest R&B artists, while Ro

  20. 136,041views

    Billie Eilish

    Billie Eilish Pirate Baird O'Connell is an American singer-songwriter. Known for her distinctive musical sound and vocal style, Eilish is a prominent figure in 2020s pop culture. She first gained public attention in 2015 with her debut single "Ocean Eyes" whic

  21. 135,398views

    Cher

    Cher is an American singer and actress. Dubbed the "Goddess of Pop", she is known for her androgynous, contralto voice, bold fashion, elaborate stagecraft and multifaceted career. Her screen roles often reflect her public image as a strong-willed, outspoken wo

  22. 134,759views

    Send Help

    Send Help is a 2026 American survival horror film directed and co-produced by Sam Raimi and written by Damian Shannon and Mark Swift. The film stars Rachel McAdams and Dylan O'Brien as an employee and her boss, respectively, who become stranded on a desert isl

  23. 127,418views

    Deaths in 2026

    The following notable deaths occurred in 2026. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent nationality, what subject was

  24. 123,746views

    Border 2

    Border 2 is a 2026 Indian Hindi-language epic war film co-written and directed by Anurag Singh. A sequel to J. P. Dutta's 1997 film Border, it was produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar, J. P. Dutta, and Nidhi Dutta under the banners of T-Series Films and J.

  25. 122,275views

    Dollar

    Dollar is the name of more than 25 currencies and their base units. The United States dollar, named after the international currency known as the Spanish dollar, was established in 1792 and is the first so named that still survives. Others include the Australi

  26. 119,626views

    Katseye

    Katseye is a girl group based in Los Angeles. The group is composed of six members: Daniela Avanzini, Lara Raj, Manon Bannerman, Megan Skiendiel, Sophia Laforteza, and Yoonchae Jeung. With members from the Philippines, South Korea, Switzerland, and the United

  27. 116,599views

    Bruno Mars

    Peter Gene Hernandez, known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer-songwriter, record producer and dancer. Regarded as a pop icon, he is known for his three-octave tenor vocal range, live performances, retro showmanship, and musical versatility. H

  28. 114,718views

    Punxsutawney Phil

    Punxsutawney Phil is a groundhog residing in Young Township near Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, United States, who is the central figure in Punxsutawney's annual Groundhog Day celebration.

  29. 113,366views

    Melania (film)

    Melania is a 2026 American film directed and produced by Brett Ratner. It revolves around the experiences of Melania Trump, the first lady of the United States, in the 20 days before her husband Donald's second presidential inauguration. It was released in the

  30. 111,892views

    Pharrell Williams

    Pharrell Lanscilo Williams is an American musician, songwriter, record producer and fashion designer. He initially became known as one half of the music production duo the Neptunes, which he established alongside Chad Hugo in 1992. Fifteen of their productions

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 1,149points

    France dumps Zoom and Teams as Europe seeks digital autonomy from the US

    598 comments

  2. 1,118points

    Data centers in space makes no sense

    1,346 comments

  3. 735points

    Qwen3-Coder-Next

    429 comments

  4. 692points

    What's up with all those equals signs anyway?

    190 comments

  5. 683points

    New York’s budget bill would require “blocking technology” on all 3D printers

    822 comments

  6. 596points

    X offices raided in France as UK opens fresh investigation into Grok

    1,107 comments

  7. 544points

    Agent Skills

    260 comments

  8. 533points

    Deno Sandbox

    174 comments

  9. 384points

    Notepad++ supply chain attack breakdown

    192 comments

  10. 383points

    Banning lead in gas worked. The proof is in our hair

    342 comments

  11. 369points

    Xcode 26.3 – Developers can leverage coding agents directly in Xcode

    331 comments

  12. 348points

    Understanding Neural Network, Visually

    53 comments

  13. 322points

    Bunny Database

    136 comments

  14. 319points

    221 Cannon is Not For Sale

    272 comments

  15. 306points

    AliSQL: Alibaba's open-source MySQL with vector and DuckDB engines

    49 comments

  16. 303points

    A sane but bull case on Clawdbot / OpenClaw

    481 comments

  17. 291points

    Prek: A better, faster, drop-in pre-commit replacement, engineered in Rust

    123 comments

  18. 289points

    X offices raided in France

    15 comments

  19. 253points

    Floppinux – An Embedded Linux on a Single Floppy, 2025 Edition

    192 comments

  20. 245points

    Learning from context is harder than we thought

    136 comments

  21. 242points

    How does misalignment scale with model intelligence and task complexity?

    78 comments

  22. 226points

    Where did all the starships go?

    355 comments

  23. 211points

    Tractor

    63 comments

  24. 195points

    Show HN: Safe-now.live – Ultra-light emergency info site (<10KB)

    94 comments

  25. 193points

    Coding assistants are solving the wrong problem

    147 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv1908.10493

    The Function Representation of Artificial Neural Network

    This paper expresses the structure of artificial neural network (ANN) as a functional form, using the activation integral concept derived from the activation function. In this way, the structure of ANN can be represented by a simple function, and it is possible to find the mathematical solutions of ANN. Thus, it can be recognized that the current ANN can be placed in a more reasonable framework. Perhaps all questions

    Ma, Zhongkui

  2. arXiv2211.11434

    Privacy in Practice: Private COVID-19 Detection in X-Ray Images (Extended Version)

    Machine learning (ML) can help fight pandemics like COVID-19 by enabling rapid screening of large volumes of images. To perform data analysis while maintaining patient privacy, we create ML models that satisfy Differential Privacy (DP). Previous works exploring private COVID-19 models are in part based on small datasets, provide weaker or unclear privacy guarantees, and do not investigate practical privacy. We sugges

    Lange, Lucas, Schneider, Maja, Christen, Peter, Rahm, Erhard

  3. arXiv2211.12628

    Safe Control and Learning Using Generalized Action Governor

    This paper introduces the Generalized Action Governor (AG), a supervisory scheme that augments a nominal closed-loop system with the capability to enforce state and input constraints through online action adjustment. We develop a generalized AG theory for discrete-time systems under bounded uncertainties, and relax the usual requirement of positive invariance to returnability of a safe set. Based on the theory, we pr

    Fang, Peiyuan, Zhang, Weiqi, Xiong, Lu, Li, Nan et al.

  4. arXiv2302.13268

    Revolutionizing Genomics with Reinforcement Learning Techniques

    In recent years, Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful tool for solving a wide range of problems, including decision-making and genomics. The exponential growth of raw genomic data over the past two decades has exceeded the capacity of manual analysis, leading to a growing interest in automatic data analysis and processing. RL algorithms are capable of learning from experience with minimal human super

    Karami, Mohsen, Khadijeh, Jahanian, Alizadehsani, Roohallah et al.

  5. arXiv2305.09868

    The Principle of Uncertain Maximum Entropy

    The Principle of Maximum Entropy is a rigorous technique for estimating an unknown distribution given partial information while simultaneously minimizing bias. However, an important requirement for applying the principle is that the available information be provided error-free (Jaynes, 1982). We relax this requirement using a memoryless communication channel as a framework to derive a new, more general principle. We

    Bogert, Kenneth, Kothe, Matthew

  6. arXiv2306.08543

    MiniLLM: On-Policy Distillation of Large Language Models

    Knowledge Distillation (KD) is a promising technique for reducing the high computational demand of large language models (LLMs). However, previous KD methods are primarily applied to white-box classification models or training small models to imitate black-box model APIs like ChatGPT. How to effectively distill the knowledge of white-box LLMs into small models is still under-explored, which becomes more important wit

    Gu, Yuxian, Dong, Li, Wei, Furu, Huang, Minlie

  7. arXiv2306.09505

    Wikibio: a Semantic Resource for the Intersectional Analysis of Biographical Events

    Biographical event detection is a relevant task for the exploration and comparison of the ways in which people's lives are told and represented. In this sense, it may support several applications in digital humanities and in works aimed at exploring bias about minoritized groups. Despite that, there are no corpora and models specifically designed for this task. In this paper we fill this gap by presenting a new c

    Stranisci, Marco Antonio, Damiano, Rossana, Mensa, Enrico, Patti, Viviana et al.

  8. arXiv2309.16146

    T-COL: Generating Counterfactual Explanations for General User Preferences on Variable Machine Learning Systems

    To address the interpretability challenge in machine learning (ML) systems, counterfactual explanations (CEs) have emerged as a promising solution. CEs are unique as they provide workable suggestions to users, instead of explaining why a certain outcome was predicted. The application of CEs encounters two main challenges: general user preferences and variable ML systems. On one hand, user preferences for specific val

    Wang, Ming, Wang, Daling, Wu, Wenfang, Feng, Shi et al.

  9. arXiv2310.06124

    Parameter-efficient Multi-Task and Multi-Domain Learning using Factorized Tensor Networks

    Multi-task and multi-domain learning methods seek to learn multiple tasks/domains, jointly or one after another, using a single unified network. The primary challenge and opportunity lie in leveraging shared information across these tasks and domains to enhance the efficiency of the unified network. The efficiency can be in terms of accuracy, storage cost, computation, or sample complexity. In this paper, we introduc

    Garg, Yash, Yismaw, Nebiyou, Hyder, Rakib, Prater-Bennette, Ashley et al.

  10. arXiv2312.05172

    From Lengthy to Lucid: A Systematic Literature Review on NLP Techniques for Taming Long Sentences

    Long sentences have been a persistent issue in written communication for many years since they make it challenging for readers to grasp the main points or follow the initial intention of the writer. This survey, conducted using the PRISMA guidelines, systematically reviews two main strategies for addressing the issue of long sentences: a) sentence compression and b) sentence splitting. An increased trend of interest

    Passali, Tatiana, Chatzikyriakidis, Efstathios, Andreadis, Stelios, Stavropoulos, Thanos G. et al.

  11. arXiv2312.07213

    Brain-inspired Computing Based on Deep Learning for Human-computer Interaction: A Review

    The continuous development of artificial intelligence has a profound impact on biomedicine and other fields, providing new research ideas and technical methods. Brain-inspired computing is an important intersection between multimodal technology and biomedical field. Focusing on the application scenarios of decoding text and speech from brain signals in human-computer interaction, this paper presents a comprehensive r

    Yu, Bihui, Zhang, Sibo, Zhou, Lili, Wei, Jingxuan et al.

  12. arXiv2312.17489

    Operator learning for hyperbolic partial differential equations

    We construct the first rigorously justified probabilistic algorithm for recovering the solution operator of a hyperbolic partial differential equation (PDE) in two variables from input-output training pairs. The primary challenge of recovering the solution operator of hyperbolic PDEs is the presence of characteristics, along which the associated Green's function is discontinuous. Therefore, a central component of

    Wang, Christopher, Townsend, Alex

  13. arXiv2312.17605

    Unified Task and Motion Planning using Object-centric Abstractions of Motion Constraints

    In task and motion planning (TAMP), the ambiguity and underdetermination of abstract descriptions used by task planning methods make it difficult to characterize physical constraints needed to successfully execute a task. The usual approach is to overlook such constraints at task planning level and to implement expensive sub-symbolic geometric reasoning techniques that perform multiple calls on unfeasible actions, pl

    Agostini, Alejandro, Piater, Justus

  14. arXiv2401.13327

    Generating Synthetic Health Sensor Data for Privacy-Preserving Wearable Stress Detection

    Smartwatch health sensor data are increasingly utilized in smart health applications and patient monitoring, including stress detection. However, such medical data often comprise sensitive personal information and are resource-intensive to acquire for research purposes. In response to this challenge, we introduce the privacy-aware synthetization of multi-sensor smartwatch health readings related to moments of stress,

    Lange, Lucas, Wenzlitschke, Nils, Rahm, Erhard

  15. arXiv2402.06674

    Impact of Dataset Properties on Membership Inference Vulnerability of Deep Transfer Learning

    Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are used to test practical privacy of machine learning models. MIAs complement formal guarantees from differential privacy (DP) under a more realistic adversary model. We analyse MIA vulnerability of fine-tuned neural networks both empirically and theoretically, the latter using a simplified model of fine-tuning. We show that the vulnerability of non-DP models when measured as the

    Tobaben, Marlon, Ito, Hibiki, Jälkö, Joonas, He, Yuan et al.

  16. arXiv2403.00068

    Towards Artwork Explanation in Large-scale Vision Language Models

    Large-scale Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) output text from images and instructions, demonstrating capabilities in text generation and comprehension. However, it has not been clarified to what extent LVLMs possess the ability to understand the knowledge necessary for explaining images, the complex relationships between various pieces of knowledge, and how they integrate these understandings into their explanations. T

    Hayashi, Kazuki, Sakai, Yusuke, Kamigaito, Hidetaka, Hayashi, Katsuhiko et al.

  17. arXiv2403.14151

    Trajectory Data Management and Mining: A Survey from Deep Learning to the LLM Era

    Trajectory computing is a pivotal domain encompassing trajectory data management and mining, garnering widespread attention due to its crucial role in various practical applications such as location services, urban traffic, and public safety. Traditional methods, focusing on simplistic spatio-temporal features, face challenges of complex calculations, limited scalability, and inadequate adaptability to real-world com

    Chen, Wei, Zhu, Yuanshao, Chang, Yanchuan, Luo, Kang et al.

  18. arXiv2403.15388

    LLaVA-PruMerge: Adaptive Token Reduction for Efficient Large Multimodal Models

    Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have shown significant visual reasoning capabilities by connecting a visual encoder and a large language model. LMMs typically take in a fixed and large amount of visual tokens, such as the penultimate layer features in the CLIP visual encoder, as the prefix content. Recent LMMs incorporate more complex visual inputs, such as high-resolution images and videos, which further increases th

    Shang, Yuzhang, Cai, Mu, Xu, Bingxin, Lee, Yong Jae et al.

  19. arXiv2403.16526

    ModeTv2: GPU-accelerated Motion Decomposition Transformer for Pairwise Optimization in Medical Image Registration

    Deformable image registration plays a crucial role in medical imaging, aiding in disease diagnosis and image-guided interventions. Traditional iterative methods are slow, while deep learning (DL) accelerates solutions but faces usability and precision challenges. This study introduces a pyramid network with the enhanced motion decomposition Transformer (ModeTv2) operator, showcasing superior pairwise optimization (PO

    Wang, Haiqiao, Wang, Zhuoyuan, Ni, Dong, Wang, Yi

  20. arXiv2403.19652

    InterDreamer: Zero-Shot Text to 3D Dynamic Human-Object Interaction

    Text-conditioned human motion generation has experienced significant advancements with diffusion models trained on extensive motion capture data and corresponding textual annotations. However, extending such success to 3D dynamic human-object interaction (HOI) generation faces notable challenges, primarily due to the lack of large-scale interaction data and comprehensive descriptions that align with these interaction

    Xu, Sirui, Wang, Ziyin, Wang, Yu-Xiong, Gui, Liang-Yan

  21. arXiv2404.11509

    VC Theory for Inventory Policies

    There has been growing interest in applying reinforcement learning (RL) to inventory management, either by optimizing over temporal transitions or by learning directly from full historical demand trajectories. This contrasts sharply with classical data-driven approaches, which first estimate demand distributions from past data and then compute well-structured optimal policies via dynamic programming. This paper consi

    Xie, Yaqi, Ma, Will, Xin, Linwei

  22. arXiv2406.09260

    Deep Transformer Network for Monocular Pose Estimation of Shipborne Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

    This paper introduces a deep transformer network for estimating the relative 6D pose of a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with respect to a ship using monocular images. A synthetic dataset of ship images is created and annotated with 2D keypoints of multiple ship parts. A Transformer Neural Network model is trained to detect these keypoints and estimate the 6D pose of each part. The estimates are integrated using Bayes

    Wickramasuriya, Maneesha, Lee, Taeyoung, Snyder, Murray

  23. arXiv2406.13653

    Dual-Phase Continual Learning: Supervised Adaptation Meets Unsupervised Retention

    Foundational Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel across diverse tasks, but adapting them to new domains without forgetting prior knowledge remains a critical challenge. Continual Learning (CL) addresses this challenge by enabling models to learn sequentially from new data while mitigating the forgetting of prior information, typically under supervised settings involving label shift. Nonetheless, abrupt distribution s

    Singh, Vaibhav, Aljundi, Rahaf, Belilovsky, Eugene

  24. arXiv2406.17381

    Retrospective Feature Estimation for Continual Learning

    The intrinsic capability to continuously learn a changing data stream is a desideratum of deep neural networks (DNNs). However, current DNNs suffer from catastrophic forgetting, which interferes with remembering past knowledge. To mitigate this issue, existing Continual Learning (CL) approaches often retain exemplars for replay, regularize learning, or allocate dedicated capacity for new tasks. This paper investigate

    Nguyen, Nghia D., Nguyen, Hieu Trung, Li, Ang, Pham, Hoang et al.

  25. arXiv2407.00115

    Instance Temperature Knowledge Distillation

    Knowledge distillation (KD) enhances the performance of a student network by allowing it to learn the knowledge transferred from a teacher network incrementally. Existing methods dynamically adjust the temperature to enable the student network to adapt to the varying learning difficulties at different learning stages of KD. KD is a continuous process, but when adjusting the temperature, these methods consider only th

    Zhang, Zhengbo, Zhou, Yuxi, Gong, Jia, Liu, Jun et al.

On this calendar day 18

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2023year

    A freight train derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, releasing hazardous materials into the surrounding area.

  2. 2014year

    Russia's first school shooting took place when a student opened fire at School No. 263 in Moscow, resulting in the deaths of a teacher and a police officer.

  3. 2010year

    An edition of L'Homme qui marche I, a bronze sculpture by Swiss sculptor Alberto Giacometti, was sold for £65 million, setting the record for the most expensive sculpture sold at auction.

  4. 2006year

    Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen: 23 convicts, including several militants associated with al-Qaeda, escaped from a prison administered by the Political Security Organization in Sanaa, Yemen.

  5. 1998year

    Despite a large international movement advocating the commutation of her sentence to life imprisonment, Karla Faye Tucker became the first woman to be executed in the United States since 1984.

  6. 1995year

    In mission STS-63, astronaut Eileen Collins (pictured) became the first woman to pilot the Space Shuttle.

  7. 1986year

    Steve Jobs purchased Pixar from Lucasfilm and launched it as an independent computer-animation studio.

  8. 1972year

    The deadliest blizzard in history began in Iran and continued for a week leaving more than 4,000 people dead.

  9. 1959year

    American rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson died in a plane crash (wreckage pictured) shortly after takeoff from Mason City Municipal Airport in Iowa.

  10. 1953year

    Hundreds of native creoles known as Forros were massacred on São Tomé Island by the colonial administration and Portuguese landowners.

  11. 1941year

    World War II: Free French and British forces began the Battle of Keren to capture the strategic town of Keren in Italian East Africa.

  12. 1933year

    Adolf Hitler announced that the conquest of Lebensraum in Eastern Europe, and its "ruthless Germanisation", were the geopolitical objectives of Reich foreign policy.

  13. 1930year

    The Communist Party of Indochina, the Communist Party of Annam and the Communist League of Indochina merged to form the Communist Party of Vietnam.

  14. 1870year

    Reconstruction era: The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified, formally prohibiting race-based disenfranchisement in the United States.

  15. 1862year

    Moldavia and Wallachia formally united, creating the Romanian United Principalities.

  16. 1852year

    The Argentine Confederation was defeated in the Platine War by an alliance consisting of Brazil, Uruguay and the Argentine provinces of Entre Ríos and Corrientes.

  17. 1813year

    Argentine War of Independence: José de San Martín and the Mounted Grenadiers Regiment defeated Spanish royalist forces in the Battle of San Lorenzo (depicted).

  18. 1266year

    Mudéjar revolt: King James I of Aragon entered the formerly Muslim-held city of Murcia following its surrender three days earlier.