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Record 01072026 · captured 2026-08-25

Wednesday, 1 July 2026

The world looked up 2026 FIFA World Cup. 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

← 2026-06-30 Wednesday, 1 July 2026 2026-07-02 →

Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 823,960views

    2026 FIFA World Cup

    The 2026 FIFA World Cup was the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's soccer championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament began on June 11, 2026, and concluded on July 19 with Spain winning

  2. 376,220views

    Erling Haaland

    Erling Braut Haaland is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Premier League club Manchester City and the Norway national team. Regarded as one of the best players in the world and the greatest Norwegian player of all time, he is known

  3. 355,402views

    .xyz

    .xyz is a top-level domain name that was proposed in ICANN's new generic top-level domain (gTLD) Program for consisting of the last three letters of the Latin-script alphabet. XYZ.com and CentralNic are the registries for the domain, which was created by entre

  4. 318,448views

    Daveigh Chase

    Daveigh Elizabeth Chase was an American actress.

  5. 299,505views

    Kylian Mbappé

    Kylian Mbappé Lottin is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for La Liga club Real Madrid and captains the France national team. Widely regarded as one of the best players in the world and one of the greatest French players of all time, he i

  6. 257,769views

    Antonio Nusa

    Antonio Eromonsele Nordby Nusa is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a winger or attacking midfielder for Bundesliga club RB Leipzig and the Norway national team. He has been described by many as one of the most exciting young prospects in world

  7. 241,764views

    Maya Joint

    Maya Joint is an Australian professional tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 28 by the WTA, achieved on 16 February 2026, and a best doubles ranking of No. 33, set on the same date. Joint has won four WTA Tour titles, two in singl

  8. 230,689views

    Serena Williams

    Serena Jameka Williams is an American professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 319 weeks, and finished as the year-end No. 1 five times. Williams won 73 WTA Tour–level singles

  9. 213,703views

    Issa Diop (footballer)

    Issa Laye Lucas Jean Diop is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Premier League club Ipswich Town. Born in France, and a former France youth international, he plays for the Morocco national team.

  10. 210,043views

    FIFA World Cup

    The FIFA World Cup is an international association football competition among the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has been held every

  11. 198,350views

    FIFA Men's World Ranking

    The FIFA Men's World Ranking is a ranking system for men's national teams in association football, first introduced in December 1992. The men's teams of the member nations of FIFA, football's world governing body, are ranked based on their game results with th

  12. 166,087views

    Michael Olise

    Michael Akpovie Olise is a professional footballer who plays as a winger or attacking midfielder for Bundesliga club Bayern Munich and the France national team. Widely regarded as one of the best players in the world, he is known for his creative playmaking, t

  13. 165,326views

    Cody Gakpo

    Cody Mathès Gakpo is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a left winger or centre forward for Premier League club Liverpool and the Netherlands national team.

  14. 162,075views

    Obsession (2025 film)

    Obsession is a 2025 American supernatural horror film written, directed, and edited by Curry Barker. The film follows Bear, a music store employee who buys a supernatural toy that grants his wish for his friend Nikki to fall in love with him, which makes her b

  15. 153,631views

    List of FIFA World Cup finals

    The FIFA World Cup is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every fou

  16. 149,893views

    List of FIFA World Cup top goalscorers

    Players have scored more than 3,000 goals in the 23 men's FIFA World Cup tournaments, the goal record includes own goals scored, but not counting penalty shoot-outs. Since the first goal, by French player Lucien Laurent in 1930, nearly 1,300 footballers have s

  17. 146,637views

    Ivory Coast

    Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire and officially as the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital city of Yamoussoukro is located in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is

  18. 146,353views

    Ismael Saibari

    Ismael Saibari Ben El Basra is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or forward for Bundesliga club Bayern Munich. Born in Spain, he represents the Morocco national team.

  19. 144,412views

    Supergirl (2026 film)

    Supergirl is a 2026 American superhero film based on the DC Comics superheroine Kara Zor-El / Supergirl. Directed by Craig Gillespie and written by Ana Nogueira, it is the second film in the DC Universe (DCU). Milly Alcock stars in the title role, alongside Ma

  20. 138,964views

    Citizen Vigilante

    Citizen Vigilante is a 2026 action-thriller film produced, written, and directed by Uwe Boll. It stars Armie Hammer as Michael Sanders, a vigilante enraged by the breakdown of law and order who targets criminals and rapists, most of whom are migrants, and the

  21. 138,095views

    Deaths in 2026

    The following notable deaths occurred in 2026. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent nationality, what subject was

  22. 138,016views

    Morocco national football team

    The Morocco national football team has represented Morocco in men's international football since their first international match in 1957. It is controlled by the Royal Moroccan Football Federation (FRMF), the governing body for football in Morocco. It has been

  23. 134,751views

    Achraf Hakimi

    Achraf Hakimi Mouh is a professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain and captains the Morocco national team. Known for his attacking prowess and strong defensive contribution, he is widely regarded as one of the best r

  24. 128,082views

    LeBron James

    LeBron Raymone James Sr. is an American professional basketball player for the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Nicknamed "King James", he is the NBA's all-time leading scorer and has won four NBA championships from 10 NBA Final

  25. 122,981views

    Morocco

    Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to the east; the Spanish exclaves of C

  26. 122,192views

    2022 FIFA World Cup

    The 2022 FIFA World Cup was the 22nd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for national football teams organised by FIFA. It took place in Qatar from 20 November to 18 December 2022, after the country was awarded the hosting rights in 2010. It was

  27. 116,606views

    2026 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

    The knockout stage of the 2026 FIFA World Cup was the second and final stage of the competition, following the group stage. Played from June 28 to July 19, 2026, the knockout stage ended with the final, held at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. T

  28. 116,288views

    Penelope Keith

    Dame Penelope Anne Constance Keith was an English actress. Active in film, radio, stage and television, where she was also a presenter, Keith was primarily known for her roles in the British sitcoms The Good Life and To the Manor Born. She succeeded Laurence O

  29. 110,241views

    Orlando Gill

    Orlando Daniel Gill Noldin is a Paraguayan professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for the Argentine Primera División club San Lorenzo and the Paraguay national team.

  30. 108,339views

    Yassine Bounou

    Yassine Bounou, also known mononymously as Bono, is a Moroccan professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Saudi Pro League club Al Hilal and the Morocco national team.

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 957points

    For first time, a cell built from scratch grows and divides

    303 comments

  2. 789points

    Physical disc production ending in Jan 2028 for new games on PlayStation

    797 comments

  3. 728points

    Most arguments are about ego, not ideas

    560 comments

  4. 636points

    Sony Deletes 551 Movies PlayStation Owners Paid For

    294 comments

  5. 572points

    Asahi Linux 7.1 Progress Report

    239 comments

  6. 561points

    Godot will no longer accept AI-authored code contributions

    403 comments

  7. 561points

    Nintendo has raised its employees base salary by 10%

    352 comments

  8. 524points

    Box3D, an open source 3D physics engine

    130 comments

  9. 511points

    ZCode – Harness for GLM-5.2

    355 comments

  10. 448points

    FFmpeg 9.1's new AAC encoder

    151 comments

  11. 422points

    What to learn to be a graphics programmer

    243 comments

  12. 408points

    Fable 5 is Back

    419 comments

  13. 398points

    Show HN: Searchable directory of 22k+ products from worker-owned co-ops

    82 comments

  14. 355points

    Monetization Gateway: Charge for any resource behind Cloudflare via x402

    251 comments

  15. 349points

    Frog-derived gut bacterium eradicates tumors in mice

    198 comments

  16. 334points

    Internal Combustion Engine (2021)

    105 comments

  17. 314points

    Why jet engines aren't made in China

    315 comments

  18. 303points

    Apple 'Hide My Email' vulnerability reveals peoples' real email addresses

    88 comments

  19. 299points

    ArXiv's Next Chapter

    101 comments

  20. 278points

    ZCode: Claude Code from the Makers of GLM

    15 comments

  21. 275points

    What ORMs have taught me: just learn SQL (2014)

    339 comments

  22. 269points

    A retrospective of my time on the internet

    301 comments

  23. 247points

    Ask HN: Who is hiring? (July 2026)

    428 comments

  24. 234points

    Weave Robotics launches Isaac 1, a $7,999 home robot with Fall 2026 deliveries

    383 comments

  25. 231points

    Opening up 'Zero-Knowledge Proof' technology to promote privacy in age assurance

    285 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv1803.07225

    Monte Carlo Information Geometry: The dually flat case

    Exponential families and mixture families are parametric probability models that can be geometrically studied as smooth statistical manifolds with respect to any statistical divergence like the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence or the Hellinger divergence. When equipping a statistical manifold with the KL divergence, the induced manifold structure is dually flat, and the KL divergence between distributions amounts to

    Nielsen, Frank, Hadjeres, Gaëtan

  2. arXiv2312.00305

    Multiple Testing of Linear Forms for Noisy Matrix Completion

    Many important tasks of large-scale recommender systems can be naturally cast as testing multiple linear forms for noisy matrix completion. These problems, however, present unique challenges because of the subtle bias-and-variance tradeoff of and an intricate dependence among the estimated entries induced by the low-rank structure. In this paper, we develop a general approach to overcome these difficulties by introdu

    Ma, Wanteng, Du, Lilun, Xia, Dong, Yuan, Ming

  3. arXiv2402.06734

    Corruption Robust Offline Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback

    We study data corruption robustness for reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) in an offline setting. Given an offline dataset of pairs of trajectories along with feedback about human preferences, an $\varepsilon$-fraction of the pairs is corrupted (e.g., feedback flipped or trajectory features manipulated), capturing an adversarial attack or noisy human preferences. We aim to design algorithms that identi

    Mandal, Debmalya, Nika, Andi, Kamalaruban, Parameswaran, Singla, Adish et al.

  4. arXiv2402.08468

    ROSpace: Intrusion Detection Dataset for a ROS2-Based Cyber-Physical System

    Most of the intrusion detection datasets to research machine learning-based intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are devoted to cyber-only systems, and they typically collect data from one architectural layer. Additionally, often the attacks are generated in dedicated attack sessions, without reproducing the realistic alternation and overlap of normal and attack actions. We present a dataset for intrusion detection by

    Puccetti, Tommaso, Nardi, Simone, Cinquilli, Cosimo, Zoppi, Tommaso et al.

  5. arXiv2402.09082

    Detection Latencies of Anomaly Detectors: An Overlooked Perspective ?

    The ever-evolving landscape of attacks, coupled with the growing complexity of ICT systems, makes crafting anomaly-based intrusion detectors (ID) and error detectors (ED) a difficult task: they must accurately detect attacks, and they should promptly perform detections. Although improving and comparing the detection capability is the focus of most research works, the timeliness of the detection is less considered and

    Puccetti, Tommaso, Ceccarelli, Andrea

  6. arXiv2404.01356

    Perturbation Effects on Robustness and Individual Fairness

    Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations that can simultaneously degrade prediction robustness and individual fairness across diverse application settings. However, existing evaluation protocols typically assess these dimensions in isolation, thereby obscuring critical failure modes. To bridge this gap, we formalize Robust Individual Fairness (RIF): under semantic-preserving (truth-condition-p

    Li, Xuran, Xue, Hao, Wu, Peng, Ma, Xingjun et al.

  7. arXiv2404.10034

    A Realistic Protocol for Evaluation of Weakly Supervised Object Localization

    Weakly Supervised Object Localization (WSOL) allows training deep learning models for classification and localization (LOC) using only global class-level labels. The absence of bounding box (bbox) supervision during training raises challenges in the literature for hyper-parameter tuning, model selection, and evaluation. WSOL methods rely on a validation set with bbox annotations for model selection, and a test set wi

    Murtaza, Shakeeb, Belharbi, Soufiane, Pedersoli, Marco, Granger, Eric

  8. arXiv2405.12646

    PoseGravity: Pose Estimation from Points and Lines with Axis Prior

    This paper presents a new algorithm to estimate absolute camera pose given an axis of the camera's rotation matrix. Current algorithms solve the problem via algebraic solutions on limited input domains. This paper shows that the problem can be solved efficiently by finding the intersection points of a hyperbola and the unit circle. The solution can flexibly accommodate combinations of point and line features in m

    Chandrasekhar, Akshay

  9. arXiv2409.02426

    Breaking the Curse of Dimensionality: Diffusion Models Efficiently Learn Low-Dimensional Distributions

    Despite their empirical success across a wide range of generative tasks, the fundamental principles underlying the ability of diffusion models to learn data distributions are poorly understood. In this work, we develop a new mathematical framework that explains how diffusion models can effectively learn low-dimensional distributions from a finite number of training samples without suffering from the curse of dimensio

    Wang, Peng, Zhang, Huijie, Zhang, Zekai, Chen, Siyi et al.

  10. arXiv2409.03500

    Quality Perceptions and Intended Engagement in Response to AI-Generated and AI-Assisted News

    The increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in news production raises important questions about how audiences perceive and respond to AI-generated journalism. This preregistered survey experiment (N = 599, German-speaking Switzerland) examines (i) perceptions of article quality (measured as credibility, readability, and expertise) across news excerpts that were human-written, AI-assisted, or fully AI-generated

    Gilardi, Fabrizio, Di Lorenzo, Sabrina, Ezzaini, Juri, Santa, Beryl et al.

  11. arXiv2409.10141

    PSHuman: Photorealistic Single-image 3D Human Reconstruction using Cross-Scale Multiview Diffusion and Explicit Remeshing

    Detailed and photorealistic 3D human modeling is essential for various applications and has seen tremendous progress. However, full-body reconstruction from a monocular RGB image remains challenging due to the ill-posed nature of the problem and sophisticated clothing topology with self-occlusions. In this paper, we propose PSHuman, a novel framework that explicitly reconstructs human meshes utilizing priors from the

    Li, Peng, Zheng, Wangguandong, Liu, Yuan, Yu, Tao et al.

  12. arXiv2410.00074

    Collaborative Knowledge Distillation via a Learning-by-Education Node Community

    A novel Learning-by-Education Node Community framework (LENC) for Collaborative Knowledge Distillation (CKD) is presented, which facilitates continual collective learning through effective knowledge exchanges among diverse deployed Deep Neural Network (DNN) peer nodes. These DNNs dynamically and autonomously adopt either the role of a student, seeking knowledge, or that of a teacher, imparting knowledge, fostering a

    Kaimakamidis, Anestis, Mademlis, Ioannis, Pitas, Ioannis

  13. arXiv2410.11894

    Automated Discovery of Operable Dynamics from Videos

    Dynamical systems form the foundation of scientific discovery, traditionally modeled with predefined state variables such as the angle and angular velocity, and differential equations such as the equation of motion for a single pendulum. We introduce a framework that automatically discovers a low-dimensional and operable representation of system dynamics, including a set of compact state variables that preserve the s

    Huang, Kuang, Cho, Dong Heon, Chen, Boyuan

  14. arXiv2410.12341

    Learning by Surprise: Adaptive Mitigation of Model Collapse in Large Language Models

    As AI-generated content increasingly populates the web, generative AI models are at growing risk of being trained on their own outputs, a process known as AI autophagy. This feedback loop has been shown to induce model collapse, typically characterized by a loss of diversity in generated content. However, existing work offers a limited understanding of this phenomenon and relies on mitigation strategies that assume a

    Gambetta, Daniele, Gezici, Gizem, Giannotti, Fosca, Pedreschi, Dino et al.

  15. arXiv2411.17936

    Stealthy Multi-Task Adversarial Attacks

    Deep neural networks are highly vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, raising serious safety concerns in the real-world systems. While prior work mainly explores single-task attacks or jointly degrading all tasks in multi-task models, practical scenarios often demand more selective and stealthy attack strategies. To address this challenge, we propose Stealthy Multi-Task Adversarial Attack (SMTA$^{2}$), a novel fra

    Guo, Jiacheng, Zhang, Tianyun, Li, Lei, Yang, Haochen et al.

  16. arXiv2412.02798

    Filterless Snapshot Hyperspectral Imaging using Guided Patch Diffusion

    We consider the problem of reconstructing a HxWx31 hyperspectral image from a $H\times W$ grayscale snapshot measurement that is captured using only a single diffractive lens and a filterless panchromatic photosensor. This problem is severely ill-posed, but we present a model that produces high-quality results in simulation and experiment. We make efficient use of limited training data by creating a conditional denoi

    Hazineh, Dean, Sacchi, Luca, Cassara, Davide, Capasso, Federico et al.

  17. arXiv2412.11439

    Sampling Out-of-Distribution Chemical Spaces via Bayesian Flow

    Generating novel molecules with higher properties than the training space, namely the out-of-distribution generation, is important for de novo drug design. However, it is not easy for distribution learning-based models, for example diffusion models, to solve this challenge as these methods are designed to fit the distribution of training data as close as possible. In this paper, we show that Bayesian flow network, es

    Tao, Nianze, Abe, Minori

  18. arXiv2412.16783

    SubData: Bridging Heterogeneous Datasets to Enable Theory-Driven Evaluation of Political and Demographic Perspectives in LLMs

    As increasingly capable large language models (LLMs) emerge, researchers have begun exploring their potential for subjective tasks. While recent work demonstrates that LLMs can be aligned with diverse human perspectives, evaluating this alignment on downstream tasks (e.g., hate speech detection) remains challenging due to the use of inconsistent datasets across studies. To address this issue, in this resource paper w

    Bernardelle, Pietro, Fröhling, Leon, Civelli, Stefano, Demartini, Gianluca

  19. arXiv2501.02158

    Joint Optimization for 4D Human-Scene Reconstruction in the Wild

    Reconstructing human motion and its surrounding environment is crucial for understanding human-scene interaction and predicting human movements in the scene. While much progress has been made in capturing human-scene interaction in constrained environments, those prior methods can hardly reconstruct the natural and diverse human motion and scene context from web videos. In this work, we propose JOSH, a novel optimiza

    Liu, Zhizheng, Lin, Joe, Wu, Wayne, Zhou, Bolei

  20. arXiv2501.15694

    A Statistical Learning Approach to Mediterranean Cyclones

    Mediterranean cyclones are extreme meteorological events of which much less is known compared to their tropical, oceanic counterparts. The raising interest in such phenomena is due to their impact on a region increasingly more affected by climate change, but a precise characterization remains a non trivial task. In this work we showcase how a Bayesian algorithm (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) can classify Mediterranean

    Roveri, L., Fery, L., Cavicchia, L., Grotto, F.

  21. arXiv2502.00547

    Milmer: a Framework for Multiple Instance Learning based Multimodal Emotion Recognition

    Emotions play a crucial role in human behavior and decision-making, making emotion recognition a key area of interest in human-computer interaction (HCI). This study addresses the challenges of emotion recognition by integrating facial expression analysis with electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, introducing a novel multimodal framework-Milmer. The proposed framework employs a transformer-based fusion approach to effe

    Wang, Zaitian, He, Jian, Liang, Yu, Hu, Xiyuan et al.

  22. arXiv2502.00684

    Compositional Concept-Based Neuron-Level Interpretability for Deep Reinforcement Learning

    Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has successfully addressed many complex control problems. However, the neural networks representing policies or values remain opaque, undermining trust in high-stakes applications. While concept-based methods have shown promise in deciphering internal representations in computer vision, applying them to DRL is impeded by the absence of pre-defined semantic concepts in continuous stat

    Jiang, Zeyu, Huang, Hai, Zuo, Xingquan

  23. arXiv2502.04489

    CNN Autoencoders for Hierarchical Feature Extraction and Fusion in Multi-sensor Human Activity Recognition

    Deep learning methods have been widely used for Human Activity Recognition (HAR) using recorded signals from Iner-tial Measurement Units (IMUs) sensors that are installed on various parts of the human body. For this type of HAR, sev-eral challenges exist, the most significant of which is the analysis of multivarious IMU sensors data. Here, we introduce a Hierarchically Unsupervised Fusion (HUF) model designed to extr

    Arabzadeh, Saeed, Almasganj, Farshad, Ahmadi, Mohammad Mahdi

  24. arXiv2502.15637

    Mantis: Lightweight Foundation Model for Time Series Classification

    While foundation models have revolutionized various domains, their application to time series classification remains rather under-explored, with existing literature predominantly focused on forecasting. To bridge this gap, we introduce \textbf{Mantis}, a transformer-based foundation model pre-trained exclusively on synthetic data via self-supervised contrastive learning. We demonstrate that effective tokenization is

    Feofanov, Vasilii, Wen, Songkang, Xie, Shifeng, Roschmann, Simon et al.

  25. arXiv2502.15845

    Verify when Uncertain: Beyond Self-Consistency in Black Box Hallucination Detection

    Large Language Models (LLMs) often hallucinate, limiting their reliability in sensitive applications. In black-box settings, several self-consistency-based techniques have been proposed for hallucination detection. We empirically show that these methods perform nearly as well as a supervised (black-box) oracle, leaving limited room for further gains within this paradigm. To address this limitation, we explore cross-m

    Xue, Yihao, Greenewald, Kristjan, Mroueh, Youssef, Mirzasoleiman, Baharan

On this calendar day 18

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2008year

    Rioting erupted in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, over allegations of fraud surrounding the recent legislative election.

  2. 2002year

    Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937 and DHL Flight 611 collided in mid-air over Überlingen, Germany, killing all 71 people aboard both aircraft.

  3. 1999year

    Legislative powers in Scotland were first devolved from the Scottish Office in London to the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh.

  4. 1983year

    A North Korean Ilyushin Il-62M jet crashed into the Fouta Djallon mountains in Guinea, killing all 23 people on board.

  5. 1979year

    Sony introduced the Walkman, a portable audio player that changed listening habits by offering users the ability to play one's own choice of music.

  6. 1970year

    The Belfast Banking Company, which issued banknotes in Northern Ireland, merged with its rival Northern Bank.

  7. 1960year

    Ghana became a republic, with Kwame Nkrumah as its first president.

  8. 1959year

    B. Anthony Stewart is credited with the first image on the cover of National Geographic featuring the 49-star flag of the United States after Alaska's admission to the Union as a U.S. state.

  9. 1948year

    The first flight departed New York City's John F. Kennedy International Airport, then known as New York International Airport.

  10. 1940year

    Second World War: The Grand Quartier Général of the French Army was disbanded, following the French surrender.

  11. 1935year

    The first Grant Park Music Festival was held in Chicago's Grant Park.

  12. 1927year

    The Singapore Improvement Trust was founded to oversee the construction of public housing in Singapore, where more than three quarters of residents live.

  13. 1922year

    Seven of the sixteen American railroad labor organizations staged a nationwide strike (striking workers pictured) that lasted two months.

  14. 1921year

    Yan Ruisheng (advertisement pictured), the first full-length Chinese film, is released in Shanghai.

  15. 1916year

    First World War: The first day of the Battle of Albert, the opening phase of the Battle of the Somme, became the bloodiest day in the British Army's history, with 57,470 casualties, including 19,240 deaths.

  16. 1874year

    The Remington No. 1, the first commercially successful typewriter, went on sale.

  17. 1862year

    American Civil War: Confederate general Robert E. Lee launched a series of disjointed and ultimately unsuccessful assaults on the nearly impregnable Union position on Malvern Hill in Henrico County, Virginia.

  18. 1849year

    Belgium introduced its first series of postage stamps, known as epaulettes (example pictured).