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Japan.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monster_movie"},{"year":1988,"text":"Kylie Minogue's first album, Kylie, was released, and went on to top the charts in the UK and New Zealand.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kylie_Minogue"},{"year":1982,"text":"Four Iranian diplomats were kidnapped after they were stopped at a checkpoint in northern Lebanon by Lebanese Phalange forces; their fates remain unknown.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_kidnapping_of_Iranian_diplomats"},{"year":1976,"text":"Israeli forces raided Uganda's Entebbe International Airport to free hostages taken by hijackers on Air France Flight 139.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces"},{"year":1954,"text":"In what is known as \"The Miracle of Bern\", West Germany defeated Hungary 3–2 to win the FIFA World Cup.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_FIFA_World_Cup_final"},{"year":1951,"text":"William Shockley announced the invention of the junction transistor, for which he, John Bardeen, and Walter Houser Brattain later won the Nobel Prize in Physics.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shockley"},{"year":1945,"text":"The Brazilian cruiser Bahia (pictured) was accidentally sunk by one of its own crewmen, killing more than 300 people.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_cruiser_Bahia"},{"year":1943,"text":"The aircraft carrying Władysław Sikorski, prime minister of the Polish government-in-exile, crashed off Gibraltar, killing him and fifteen others and leading to several conspiracy theories.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Sikorski"},{"year":1941,"text":"The Holocaust: During the German occupation of Latvia, a number of synagogues in Riga were set on fire, killing many Jews who were confined within.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Holocaust"},{"year":1941,"text":"German AB-Aktion in Poland: After capturing Lwów, the Nazis executed professors of the University of Lwów along with their families.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktion_AB"},{"year":1918,"text":"World War I: Allied forces led by the Australian general John Monash won the Battle of Hamel, demonstrating the effectiveness of combined-arms techniques in trench warfare.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I"},{"year":1863,"text":"American Civil War: Confederate forces failed in an attempt to recapture the Union-occupied Helena, Arkansas.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War"},{"year":1862,"text":"In a boat on the River Thames from Oxford to Godstow, author Lewis Carroll told Alice Liddell (pictured) and her sisters a story that later formed the basis for his book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_Thames"},{"year":1837,"text":"The Grand Junction Railway, the world's first long-distance railway with steam traction, opened between Birmingham and Newton Junction.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Junction_Railway"},{"year":1776,"text":"In Philadelphia, the Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence (signing pictured), announcing that the thirteen American colonies were no longer a part of the British Empire.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress"},{"year":1643,"text":"First English Civil War: Royalist forces defeated the Parliamentarians at the Battle of Burton Bridge, securing a crossing of the River Trent for a convoy of supplies travelling with Queen Henrietta Maria.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_English_Civil_War"},{"year":1054,"text":"Chinese astronomers recorded the sudden appearance of a \"guest star\", later identified as the supernova that created the Crab Nebula (pictured).","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_astronomy"}],"births":[{"year":2003,"text":"Polina Bogusevich, Russian singer","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polina_Bogusevich"},{"year":1999,"text":"Moa Kikuchi, Japanese musician","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moa_Kikuchi"},{"year":1995,"text":"Post Malone, American rapper, singer, songwriter and record producer","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_Malone"},{"year":1993,"text":"Tom Barkhuizen, English footballer","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Barkhuizen"},{"year":1992,"text":"Ángel Romero, Paraguayan footballer","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngel_Romero_(footballer)"},{"year":1992,"text":"Óscar Romero, Paraguayan footballer","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero_(footballer)"},{"year":1990,"text":"Jake Gardiner, American ice hockey player","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jake_Gardiner"},{"year":1990,"text":"Richard Mpong, Ghanaian footballer","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Mpong"}],"deaths":[{"year":2025,"text":"Lyndon Byers, Canadian ice hockey player and radio host (born 1964)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_Byers"},{"year":2025,"text":"Richard Greenberg, American playwright and television writer (born 1958)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Greenberg"},{"year":2025,"text":"Bobby Jenks, American baseball player (born 1981)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jenks"},{"year":2025,"text":"Peter Russell-Clarke, Australian chef, author and illustrator (born 1935)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Russell-Clarke"},{"year":2025,"text":"Mark Snow, American composer for film and television (born 1946)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Snow"},{"year":2022,"text":"Cláudio Hummes, Brazilian prelate of the Catholic Church (born 1934)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cl%C3%A1udio_Hummes"},{"year":2022,"text":"Kazuki Takahashi, Japanese manga artist (born 1961)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazuki_Takahashi"},{"year":2021,"text":"Harmoko, Indonesian politician, former parliament speaker and government minister (born 1939)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmoko"}]},"sources":[{"id":"attention","name":"Wikipedia most-read","url":"https://api.wikimedia.org","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Wikipedia contributors"},{"id":"frontier","name":"Hacker News","url":"https://news.ycombinator.com","licence":"Public API — titles and links, credited","attribution":"Hacker News / Y Combinator"},{"id":"research","name":"arXiv cs.AI","url":"https://arxiv.org","licence":"Open metadata, per arXiv API terms","attribution":"arXiv.org"},{"id":"history","name":"Wikipedia On this day","url":"https://api.wikimedia.org","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Wikipedia contributors"}],"licence":"Records are CC BY-SA 4.0, inheriting from Wikipedia. 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