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anti-Indonesian independence movement Falintil.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste_Defence_Force"},{"year":1979,"text":"Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini returned from exile and soon led the Iranian Revolution to overthrow the Pahlavi dynasty.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini"},{"year":1972,"text":"Kuala Lumpur (pictured), the capital of Malaysia, was granted city status.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur"},{"year":1960,"text":"Civil rights movement: Four African-American students staged the first of more than five months of sit-ins at an F. W. Woolworth lunch counter (pictured) in Greensboro, North Carolina, to protest the company's policy of racial segregation.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_rights_movement"},{"year":1957,"text":"Invented by German engineer Felix Wankel, the first working prototype of the Wankel rotary engine ran for the first time at the research and development department of NSU Motorenwerke AG.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felix_Wankel"},{"year":1942,"text":"Voice of America, the official external radio and television service of the United States federal government, began broadcasting to Germany during World War II.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_of_America"},{"year":1896,"text":"Giacomo Puccini's opera La bohème premiered at the Teatro Regio in Turin, Italy, eventually becoming one of the most frequently performed operas internationally.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini"},{"year":1884,"text":"The first fascicle of the Oxford English Dictionary, a 352-page volume that covered words from A to ant, was published.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_(literature)"},{"year":1814,"text":"More than 1,200 people died in the most destructive recorded eruption of Mayon in the Philippines.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayon"},{"year":1662,"text":"Sino-Dutch conflicts: After besieging Fort Zeelandia for nine months, Ming loyalist Zheng Chenggong secured the Dutch East India Company's surrender and the end of their rule in Taiwan.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Dutch_conflicts"},{"year":1411,"text":"The First Peace of Thorn was signed, ending the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_of_Thorn_(1411)"},{"year":1329,"text":"The Teutonic Knights successfully besieged the hillfort of Medvėgalis (pictured) in Samogitia, Lithuania, and baptised the defenders in the Catholic rite.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teutonic_Order"},{"year":1327,"text":"Fourteen-year-old Edward III was crowned King of England, but with the country ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III"}],"births":[{"year":2002,"text":"Brian Brobbey, Dutch footballer","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Brobbey"},{"year":2002,"text":"Seth Jarvis, Canadian ice hockey player","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seth_Jarvis"},{"year":2001,"text":"Egor Chinakhov, Russian ice hockey player","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egor_Chinakhov"},{"year":2000,"text":"Talanoa Hufanga, American football player","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talanoa_Hufanga"},{"year":1999,"text":"Mohamed Abdelmonem, Egyptian footballer","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Abdelmonem"},{"year":1998,"text":"Jazz Chisholm Jr., Bahamian baseball player","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazz_Chisholm_Jr."},{"year":1997,"text":"Drew Eubanks, American basketball player","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drew_Eubanks"},{"year":1997,"text":"Jihyo, South Korean singer","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihyo"}],"deaths":[{"year":2025,"text":"Horst Köhler, Polish-German economist and politician, 9th President of Germany (born 1943)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horst_K%C3%B6hler"},{"year":2025,"text":"Fay Vincent, American lawyer and businessman, 8th Commissioner of Baseball (born 1938)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fay_Vincent"},{"year":2022,"text":"Remi De Roo, Canadian bishop of the Catholic Church (born 1924)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remi_De_Roo"},{"year":2021,"text":"Dustin Diamond, American actor, director, stand-up comedian, and musician (born 1977)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dustin_Diamond"},{"year":2021,"text":"Temur Tsiklauri, Georgian pop singer and actor (born 1946)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temur_Tsiklauri"},{"year":2019,"text":"Jeremy Hardy, English comedian, radio host and panelist (born 1961)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Hardy"},{"year":2019,"text":"Clive Swift, English actor (born 1936)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clive_Swift"},{"year":2019,"text":"Wade Wilson, American football player and coach (born 1959)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wade_Wilson_(American_football)"}]},"census":null,"sources":[{"id":"attention","name":"Wikipedia most-read","url":"https://api.wikimedia.org","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Wikipedia contributors"},{"id":"frontier","name":"Hacker News","url":"https://news.ycombinator.com","licence":"Public API — titles and links, credited","attribution":"Hacker News / Y Combinator"},{"id":"research","name":"arXiv cs.AI","url":"https://arxiv.org","licence":"Open metadata, per arXiv API terms","attribution":"arXiv.org"},{"id":"history","name":"Wikipedia On this day","url":"https://api.wikimedia.org","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Wikipedia contributors"}],"licence":"Records are CC BY-SA 4.0, inheriting from Wikipedia. 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