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Record 27072026 · captured 2026-08-25

Monday, 27 July 2026

The world looked up The Odyssey (2026 film). 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

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Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 676,433views

    The Odyssey (2026 film)

    The Odyssey is a 2026 epic action fantasy film written and directed by Christopher Nolan, who produced it with his wife Emma Thomas. An adaptation of Homer's ancient Greek epic poem the Odyssey, it stars an ensemble cast including Matt Damon, Tom Holland, Anne

  2. 481,040views

    Pralhad Joshi

    Pralhad Venkatesh Joshi is an Indian politician who is currently serving as the 13th Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution and 10th Minister of New and Renewable Energy since 2024. In July 2026, Joshi assumed office of the 10th Minister of

  3. 380,564views

    .xyz

    .xyz is a top-level domain name that was proposed in ICANN's new generic top-level domain (gTLD) Program for consisting of the last three letters of the Latin-script alphabet. XYZ.com and CentralNic are the registries for the domain, which was created by entre

  4. 340,693views

    David Jonsson

    David Jonsson is a British actor. He began his career on the West End, winning a Black British Theatre Award for his performance in the play and breathe... (2021). He is known for his performance in the BBC Two and HBO television series Industry (2020–2022), a

  5. 279,349views

    Jackson Koivun

    Jackson Koivun is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. He attended Auburn University, where as a freshman he had one of the best seasons in all of collegiate golf history. In 2024, he won the SEC Championship, was runner-up at the NCAA Di

  6. 252,730views

    Odyssey

    The Odyssey is one of two major epics of ancient Greek literature attributed to Homer. It is one of the oldest surviving works of literature and remains popular with modern audiences. Like the Iliad, the Odyssey is divided into 24 books. It follows the heroic

  7. 145,948views

    Jana Nayagan

    Jana Nayagan is a 2026 Indian Tamil-language political action drama film directed by H. Vinoth and produced by Venkat K. Narayana under KVN Productions. The film stars C. Joseph Vijay, Bobby Deol, Pooja Hegde, and Mamitha Baiju in the lead role alongside Nassa

  8. 140,883views

    Masters of the Universe (2026 film)

    Masters of the Universe is a 2026 American sword-and-sorcery film based on the media franchise by Mattel. It is the second live-action film adaptation, the 1987 film was the first. It was directed by Travis Knight and written by Chris Butler, Aaron Nee, Adam N

  9. 140,862views

    2026 Commonwealth Games

    The 2026 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXIII Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Glasgow 2026, was a multi-sport event held from 23 July to 2 August 2026 in Glasgow, the largest city in Scotland, for members of the Commonwealth of Nations. T

  10. 139,634views

    Christopher Nolan

    Sir Christopher Edward Nolan is a British and American filmmaker. Known for his Hollywood blockbusters with complex storytelling, Nolan is considered a leading filmmaker of the 21st century. His films have earned over $7.7 billion worldwide, making him the thi

  11. 132,947views

    Obsession (2025 film)

    Obsession is a 2025 American supernatural horror film written, directed, and edited by Curry Barker. The film follows Bear, a music store employee who buys a supernatural toy that grants his wish for his friend Nikki to fall in love with him, which makes her b

  12. 128,790views

    Deaths in 2026

    The following notable deaths occurred in 2026. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent nationality, what subject was

  13. 109,848views

    Dharmendra Pradhan

    Dharmendra Pradhan is an Indian politician who served as the 9th Minister of Education from 2021 until his resignation in 2026. He previously served as Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas from 2014 to 2021, Minister of Steel from 2019 to 2021, and Minister o

  14. 185,497views

    Cockroach Janta Party

    The Cockroach Janta Party, also known as the Cockroach movement, is an Indian youth-based satirical political movement founded on 16 May 2026 by Abhijeet Dipke, a political communications strategist and activist. The CJP harnessed widespread political and econ

  15. 102,364views

    Shawn Levy

    Shawn Adam Levy is a Canadian and American filmmaker and actor. He is the founder of 21 Laps Entertainment. His work has spanned numerous genres, and his films as a director have grossed a collective $3.5 billion worldwide.

  16. 101,274views

    Errol Spence Jr.

    Errol Spence Jr. is an American professional boxer who competed from 2012 to 2026. He is a former unified champion in the welterweightdivision, having held the World Boxing Association (WBA), World Boxing Council (WBC), and International Boxing Federation (IBF

  17. 101,023views

    Trojan War

    The Trojan War was a legendary conflict in Greek mythology that took place around the thirteenth or early twelfth century BC. The war was waged by the Achaeans (Greeks) against the city of Troy after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, king of

  18. 95,717views

    Avatar Aang: The Last Airbender

    Avatar Aang: The Last Airbender is a 2026 American animated fantasy action-adventure film directed by Lauren Montgomery from a screenplay by Tim Hedrick and Christopher Yost, based on a story by Bryan Konietzko, Michael Dante DiMartino, Hedrick, and Kenneth Li

  19. 95,107views

    Agamemnon

    In Greek mythology, Agamemnon was a king of Mycenae who commanded the Achaeans during the Trojan War. He was the son of King Atreus and Queen Aerope, the brother of Menelaus, the husband of Clytemnestra, and the father of Iphigenia, Iphianassa, Electra, Laodik

  20. 95,027views

    List of Marvel Cinematic Universe films

    The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) centers on American superhero films produced by Marvel Studios, based on characters that appear in publications by Marvel Comics. The MCU is the shared universe in which all of the films are set. Marvel Studios has released

  21. 91,400views

    Zendaya

    Zendaya Maree Stoermer Coleman, known mononymously as Zendaya, is an American actress and singer-songwriter. Known for her work in television and blockbusters, her films as a leading actress have grossed over $9.8 billion worldwide. Her accolades include two P

  22. 89,372views

    Ryan Gosling

    Ryan Thomas Gosling is a Canadian actor. Known for his work in both independent films and major studio features, his films as a leading actor have grossed over US$4 billion worldwide. He has received various accolades including a Golden Globe Award, in additio

  23. 87,572views

    Yan Diomande

    Yan Diomande is an Ivorian professional footballer who plays as a winger for La Liga club Real Madrid and the Ivory Coast national team.

  24. 87,436views

    India at the 2026 Commonwealth Games

    India competed at the 2026 Commonwealth Games, held in Glasgow, Scotland, from 23 July to 2 August 2026. It was the country's 19th appearance at the Commonwealth Games, after making its debut at the 1934 Commonwealth Games. The Indian contingent consisted of 1

  25. 86,891views

    Odysseus

    In Greek and Roman mythology, Odysseus, also known by the Latin variant Ulysses, is a legendary Greek king of Ithaca and the hero of Homer's epic poem, the Odyssey. Odysseus also plays a key role in Homer's Iliad and other works in that same epic cycle.

  26. 84,929views

    Spider-Man: Brand New Day

    Spider-Man: Brand New Day is a 2026 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man. Produced by Columbia Pictures, Marvel Studios, and Pascal Pictures, and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing, it is the 38th film in the Marvel Cinem

  27. 84,330views

    The Long Walk (2025 film)

    The Long Walk is a 2025 American dystopian survival thriller film directed by Francis Lawrence and written by JT Mollner. It is based on the 1979 novel by Stephen King. The film stars Cooper Hoffman, David Jonsson, Garrett Wareing, Tut Nyuot, Joshua Odjick, Ch

  28. 83,527views

    Anthony Joshua

    Anthony Oluwafemi Olaseni "AJ" Joshua is a British professional boxer. He held the unified heavyweight championship twice between 2017 and 2021. He also held the International Boxing Organization (IBO) title during his reigns as champion. At regional level, he

  29. 83,295views

    2026 Formula One World Championship

    The 2026 FIA Formula One World Championship is a motor racing championship for Formula One cars and the 77th running of the Formula One World Championship. It is recognised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), the governing body of internati

  30. 82,577views

    Tom Holland

    Thomas Stanley Holland is a British actor. His accolades include a BAFTA Award as well as two Critics' Choice Awards nominations. Holland's films as a leading actor have grossed over $14.9 billion worldwide, making him the Fourth highest-grossing actor of all

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 1,382points

    Kimi-K3 on HuggingFace

    544 comments

  2. 1,180points

    Our position on open-weights models

    1,747 comments

  3. 930points

    PGSimCity - How PostgreSQL Works

    92 comments

  4. 801points

    AI companies are shredding rare books

    513 comments

  5. 496points

    How is the Bun rewrite in Rust going?

    385 comments

  6. 443points

    Netflix employee fired for sharing personal details in retreat trust exercise

    502 comments

  7. 408points

    A missing underscore sent innocent man to prison for 18 months

    293 comments

  8. 405points

    Benchmarking Opus 5 on SlopCodeBench

    119 comments

  9. 391points

    Kimi-K3 Technical Report [pdf]

    183 comments

  10. 341points

    Judge Rejects Google's Attempt to DMCA Its Way Out of Being Scraped

    154 comments

  11. 338points

    Decathlon Germany adds Wero payment option to decathlon.de website

    229 comments

  12. 292points

    Canceling "Hey"

    271 comments

  13. 288points

    Paged Out #9 [pdf]

    32 comments

  14. 277points

    AI companies spend record sums on Washington lobbying

    145 comments

  15. 254points

    Apple Will 'Watch Everything Burn' When the AI Bubble Bursts

    356 comments

  16. 254points

    Removing React.js from the codebase and adapting Htmx for UI interactivity (2023)

    201 comments

  17. 247points

    Should you wash your solar panels?

    252 comments

  18. 241points

    MAI-Cyber-1-Flash inside MDASH

    110 comments

  19. 232points

    Forth

    54 comments

  20. 216points

    Chinese chipmaker shares surge 470%

    191 comments

  21. 200points

    Why I Left Google DeepMind

    57 comments

  22. 198points

    Modern email can be built from borrowed parts

    160 comments

  23. 196points

    Libsm64: Mario 64 as a library for use in external game engines

    24 comments

  24. 183points

    Astronauts describe persistent 'observer' sensation after 6 month missions

    111 comments

  25. 171points

    Hamburg's Stadtpark: A Park Built to Be Used

    60 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv2012.05213

    Participatory Budgeting with Project Groups

    We study a generalization of the standard approval-based model of participatory budgeting (PB), in which voters are providing approval ballots over a set of predefined projects and---in addition to a global budget limit, there are several groupings of the projects, each group with its own budget limit. We study the computational complexity of identifying project bundles that maximize voter satisfaction while respecti

    Jain, Pallavi, Sornat, Krzysztof, Talmon, Nimrod, Zehavi, Meirav

  2. arXiv2111.09459

    Gradient flows on graphons: existence, convergence, continuity equations

    Wasserstein gradient flows on probability measures have found a host of applications in various optimization problems. They typically arise as the continuum limit of exchangeable particle systems evolving by some mean-field interaction involving a gradient-type potential. However, in many problems, such as in multi-layer neural networks, the so-called particles are edge weights on large graphs whose nodes are exchang

    Oh, Sewoong, Pal, Soumik, Somani, Raghav, Tripathi, Raghavendra

  3. arXiv2210.00422

    Stochastic optimization on matrices and a graphon McKean-Vlasov limit

    We consider stochastic gradient descents on the space of large symmetric matrices of suitable functions that are invariant under permuting the rows and columns using the same permutation. We establish deterministic limits of these random curves as the dimensions of the matrices go to infinity while the entries remain bounded. Under a ``small noise'' assumption the limit is shown to be the gradient flow of fun

    Harchaoui, Zaid, Oh, Sewoong, Pal, Soumik, Somani, Raghav et al.

  4. arXiv2306.10356

    MATNet: Multi-Level Fusion Transformer-Based Model for Day-Ahead PV Generation Forecasting

    Accurate forecasting of renewable generation is crucial to facilitate the integration of Renewable Energy Sources into the power system. Focusing on photovoltaic (PV) units, forecasting methods can be divided into two main categories: physics-based and data-based strategies, with Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based models providing state-of-the-art performance. However, while these AI-based models can capture complex

    Tortora, Matteo, Conte, Francesco, Natrella, Gianluca, Soda, Paolo

  5. arXiv2405.14273

    Exact Solution to Data-Driven Inverse Optimization of MILPs in Finite Time via Gradient-Based Methods

    A data-driven inverse optimization problem (DDIOP) is the problem of estimating the objective-function parameters (weights) that explain observed optimal-solution data, and it arises in many applications, including mixed integer linear programming (MILP). In inverse optimization for MILPs, the prediction error of the features is discontinuous with respect to the weights, so applying gradient-based optimization direct

    Kitaoka, Akira

  6. arXiv2406.05377

    Highly Versatile FPGA-Implemented Cyber Coherent Ising Machine

    In recent years, quantum Ising machines have drawn a lot of attention, but due to physical implementation constraints, it has been difficult to achieve dense coupling, such as full coupling with sufficient spins to handle practical large-scale applications. Consequently, classically computable equations have been derived from quantum master equations for these quantum Ising machines. Parallel implementations of these

    Aonishi, Toru, Nagasawa, Tatsuya, Koizumi, Toshiyuki, Gunathilaka, Mastiyage Don Sudeera Hasaranga et al.

  7. arXiv2408.02295

    Generalized Gaussian Temporal Difference Error for Uncertainty-aware Reinforcement Learning

    Conventional uncertainty-aware temporal difference (TD) learning often models TD errors as zero-mean Gaussian. This assumption can miss the heavy-tailed and heteroscedastic residuals induced by bootstrapping and exploration. We introduce a state-conditioned shape head based on the Generalized Gaussian Distribution (GGD) and use a numerically modified GGD loss as an online surrogate for nonstationary TD residuals. We

    Kim, Seyeon, Lee, Joonhun, Cho, Namhoon, Han, Sungjun et al.

  8. arXiv2410.13376

    Data-Augmented Predictive Deep Neural Network: Enhancing the extrapolation capabilities of non-intrusive surrogate models

    Numerically solving a large parametric nonlinear dynamical system is challenging due to its high complexity and the high computational costs. In recent years, machine-learning-aided surrogates are being actively researched. However, many methods fail in accurately generalizing in the entire time interval $[0, T]$, when the training data is available only in a training time interval $[0, T_0]$, with $T_0<T$. To imp

    Sun, Shuwen, Feng, Lihong, Benner, Peter

  9. arXiv2410.19738

    Integrating Reasoning Systems for Trustworthy AI, Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Logic and Practice of Programming (LPOP)

    This proceedings contains abstracts and position papers for the work to be presented at the fourth Logic and Practice of Programming (LPOP) Workshop. The workshop is to be held in Dallas, Texas, USA, and as a hybrid event, on October 13, 2024, in conjunction with the 40th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP). The focus of this workshop is integrating reasoning systems for trustworthy AI, especially in

    Nerode, Anil, Liu, Yanhong A.

  10. arXiv2410.23619

    Efficiently Training Time-to-First-Spike Spiking Neural Networks from Scratch

    Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), with their event-driven and biologically inspired mechanisms, are well-suited for energy-efficient neuromorphic hardware. Neural coding, which is critical to SNNs, determines how information is represented via spikes. While Time-to-First-Spike (TTFS) coding uses a single spike per neuron to offer extreme sparsity and energy efficiency, it often suffers from unstable training and low ac

    Che, Kaiwei, Ma, Zhengyu, Huang, Yifan, Xue, Peng et al.

  11. arXiv2411.19715

    Forensics Adapter: Unleashing CLIP for Generalizable Face Forgery Detection

    We describe Forensics Adapter, an adapter network designed to transform CLIP into an effective and generalizable face forgery detector. Although CLIP is highly versatile, adapting it for face forgery detection is non-trivial as forgery-related knowledge is entangled with a wide range of unrelated knowledge. Existing methods treat CLIP merely as a feature extractor, lacking task-specific adaptation, which limits their

    Cui, Xinjie, Li, Yuezun, Zhu, Delong, Zhou, Jiaran et al.

  12. arXiv2412.01101

    Hiding Faces in Plain Sight: Defending DeepFakes by Disrupting Face Detection

    Face-swapping DeepFakes have become an escalating societal concern, attracting increasing attention in recent years. To counter this, we investigate a new proactive defense framework to prevent individuals from being victimized in DeepFake videos. The core idea of this framework is to contaminate the inputs of DeepFake models by disrupting face detectors, based on the observation that face detectors are commonly used

    Zhu, Delong, Li, Yuezun, Wu, Baoyuan, Zhou, Jiaran et al.

  13. arXiv2412.12807

    Ask for More Than Bayes Optimal: A Theory of Indecisions for Selective Hypothesis Testing

    Selective classification is a powerful tool for automated decision-making in high-risk scenarios, allowing classifiers to act only when confident and abstain when uncertainty is high. Given a target accuracy, our goal is to minimize the number of indecisions, which are observations that we do not automate. For difficult problems, the target accuracy may be unattainable without abstaining from making a decision. By us

    Ndaoud, Mohamed, Radchenko, Peter, Rava, Bradley

  14. arXiv2501.08951

    Analyzing the Ethical Logic of Eight Large Language Models

    This study examines the expressed ethical logic of eight prominent large language models from OpenAI, Meta, Perplexity, Anthropic, Google, Mistral, DeepSeek, and xAI. Each model answered direct questions about its ethical principles and responded to five classic moral dilemmas. Responses were analyzed using the consequentialist/deontological distinction, Moral Foundations Theory, and Kohlbergs stages of moral develop

    Neuman, W. Russell, Coleman, Chad, Shah, Manan

  15. arXiv2501.18049

    Online Pricing and Allocation with Demand Learning and Fulfillment Cost

    We study online learning for a seller that jointly chooses per-period inventory positions and a uniform price, then fulfills realized demand through a downstream allocation. The main difficulty is not only demand learning: the price shifts demand and reshapes the transportation LP, making the population objective globally non-convex and non-smooth. To solve this problem, we propose OCSAA, an algorithm that exploits d

    Xu, Jianyu, Wang, Xuan, Wang, Yu-Xiang, Jiang, Jiashuo

  16. arXiv2501.18530

    Optimal generalisation and learning transition in extensive-width shallow neural networks near interpolation

    We consider a teacher-student model of supervised learning with a fully-trained two-layer neural network whose width $k$ and input dimension $d$ are large and proportional. We provide an effective theory for approximating the Bayes-optimal generalisation error of the network for any activation function in the regime of sample size $n$ scaling quadratically with the input dimension, i.e., around the interpolation thre

    Barbier, Jean, Camilli, Francesco, Nguyen, Minh-Toan, Pastore, Mauro et al.

  17. arXiv2502.07280

    MIGT: Memory Instance Gated Transformer Framework for Financial Portfolio Management

    Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been applied in financial portfolio management to improve returns in changing market conditions. However, unlike most fields where DRL is widely used, the stock market is more volatile and dynamic as it is affected by several factors such as global events and investor sentiment. Therefore, it remains a challenge to construct a DRL-based portfolio management framework with strong

    Gu, Fengchen, Stefanidis, Angelos, García-Fernández, Ángel, Su, Jionglong et al.

  18. arXiv2503.04143

    MTS: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Portfolio Management Framework with Time-Awareness and Short-Selling

    Portfolio management remains a crucial challenge in finance, with traditional methods often falling short in complex and volatile market environments. While deep reinforcement approaches have shown promise, they still face limitations in dynamic risk management, exploitation of temporal markets, and incorporation of complex trading strategies such as short-selling. These limitations can lead to suboptimal portfolio p

    Gu, Fengchen, Jiang, Zhengyong, García-Fernández, Ángel F., Stefanidis, Angelos et al.

  19. arXiv2503.07869

    Carpe Diem: Critical Learning Period-Aware Contract-Based Incentives for Federated Learning

    Critical learning periods (CLPs) in federated learning (FL) refer to early stages during which low-quality contributions (e.g., sparse training data availability) can permanently impair the performance of the global model. However, existing incentive mechanisms typically assume temporal homogeneity, treating all training rounds as equally important, thereby failing to prioritize and attract high-quality contributions

    Nguyen, Thanh Linh, Hoang, Dinh Thai, Nguyen, Diep N., Pham, Quoc-Viet

  20. arXiv2504.18471

    Action Flow Matching for Continual Robot Learning

    Continual learning in robotics seeks systems that can constantly adapt to changing environments and tasks, mirroring human adaptability. A key challenge is refining dynamics models, essential for planning and control, while addressing issues such as safe adaptation, catastrophic forgetting, outlier management, data efficiency, and balancing exploration with exploitation -- all within task and onboard resource constra

    Murillo-Gonzalez, Alejandro, Liu, Lantao

  21. arXiv2505.00473

    Spatially-Enhanced Temporal Fusion Transformer: Interpretable Multi-Output Prediction for Parametric Dynamical Systems with Time-Varying Inputs

    We explore the promising performance of a transformer model in predicting outputs of parametric dynamical systems with external time-varying input signals. The outputs of such systems vary not only with physical parameters but also with external time-varying input signals. Accurately catching the dynamics of such systems is challenging. We have adapted and extended an existing transformer model, called temporal fusio

    Sun, Shuwen, Feng, Lihong, Benner, Peter

  22. arXiv2505.02024

    From Mind to Machine: The Rise of Manus AI as a Fully Autonomous Digital Agent

    Manus AI is a general-purpose AI agent introduced in early 2025, marking a significant advancement in autonomous artificial intelligence. Developed by the Chinese startup Monica.im, Manus is designed to bridge the gap between &#34;mind&#34; and &#34;hand&#34; - combining the reasoning and planning capabilities of large language models with the ability to execute complex, end-to-end tasks that produce tangible outcome

    Shen, Minjie, Li, Yanshu, Chen, Lulu, Fan, Zhichao et al.

  23. arXiv2505.08784

    PCS-UQ: Uncertainty Quantification via the Predictability-Computability-Stability Framework

    As machine learning (ML) enters high-stakes domains, trustworthy uncertainty quantification (UQ) is essential for safety. In this paper we introduce PCS-UQ, a framework based on the Predictability, Computability, and Stability (PCS) principles for veridical data science. Starting with a candidate set of models or algorithms, PCS-UQ integrates a rigorous prediction-check to screen out unsuitable models in the set and

    Agarwal, Abhineet, Xiao, Fange, Barter, Rebecca, Ronen, Omer et al.

  24. arXiv2505.19212

    When Ethics and Payoffs Diverge: LLM Agents in Morally Charged Social Dilemmas

    Recent advances in LLMs have enabled their use in complex agentic roles, involving decision-making with humans or other agents, making ethical alignment a critical concern. While prior work has examined LLMs' moral judgment and strategic behavior separately, there is limited understanding of how they act when moral imperatives directly conflict with profit incentives. We introduce \msimfull (\msim) to evaluate ho

    Backmann, Steffen, Piedrahita, David Guzman, Zhang, Terry Jingchen, Tewolde, Emanuel et al.

  25. arXiv2505.23378

    Meta-Learning Approaches for Speaker-Dependent Voice Fatigue Models

    Speaker-dependent modelling can substantially improve performance in speech-based health monitoring applications. While mixed-effect models are commonly used for such speaker adaptation, they require computationally expensive retraining for each new observation, making them impractical in a production environment. We reformulate this task as a meta-learning problem and explore three approaches of increasing complexit

    Polle, Roseline, Norbury, Agnes, Georgescu, Alexandra Livia, Cummins, Nicholas et al.

On this calendar day 18

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2020year

    A major oil spill from the Colonial Pipeline was discovered in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina (system map pictured).

  2. 2016year

    The last nine Aston Martin DB9 (example pictured) units rolled off the production line, marking the end of a twelve-year manufacturing period.

  3. 2010year

    Police in Tokyo found the mummified remains of Sogen Kato, thought to have died in 1978, leading to widespread inquiries into the status of isolated elderly people in Japan.

  4. 2007year

    While covering a police pursuit in Phoenix, Arizona, two news helicopters collided in mid-air, killing both crews.

  5. 1990year

    Jamaat al Muslimeen, a radical Islamic group, began a coup attempt against the government of Trinidad and Tobago by taking hostages, including Prime Minister A. N. R. Robinson, before surrendering five days later.

  6. 1983year

    American musician Madonna released her self-titled debut album, which set the standard for the genre of dance-pop for decades.

  7. 1965year

    Mattachine Midwest, a gay rights organization in Chicago, held its first meeting.

  8. 1955year

    The Austrian State Treaty came into effect, ending the Allied occupation of Austria, although the country was not free of Allied troops until October.

  9. 1955year

    After straying into Bulgarian airspace, El Al Flight 402 was shot down by two MiG-15 fighter jets, resulting in the deaths of all 58 on board.

  10. 1953year

    An armistice was signed to end hostilities in the Korean War, officially making the division of Korea indefinite by creating a 4 km wide (2.5 mi) demilitarized zone across the Korean Peninsula.

  11. 1949year

    The world's first commercial jet airliner to reach production, the de Havilland Comet, had its maiden flight.

  12. 1943year

    As the Surprise Hurricane struck Texas, a United States Army Air Forces pilot made the first reconnaissance flight into a hurricane.

  13. 1942year

    Second World War: Allied forces halted the Axis invasion of Egypt at the First Battle of El Alamein.

  14. 1919year

    Red Summer: Race riots erupted in Chicago after a racial incident occurred on a South Side beach, leading to 38 fatalities and 537 injuries.

  15. 1916year

    First World War: British mariner Charles Fryatt was executed in Bruges, Belgium, after a German court-martial found him guilty of being a franc-tireur.

  16. 1778year

    The Battle of Ushant, the first encounter between the French and British fleets in the American Revolutionary War, ended indecisively and led to political disputes in both countries.

  17. 1689year

    First Jacobite rising: Scottish and Irish Jacobites defeated Williamite forces at Killiecrankie, Scotland.

  18. 1302year

    Byzantine–Ottoman wars: The Ottoman sultanate gained its first major victory against the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of Bapheus in Bithynia.