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Record 25122025 · captured 2026-08-25

Thursday, 25 December 2025

The world looked up Dhurandhar. 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

← 2025-12-24 Thursday, 25 December 2025 2025-12-26 →

Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 391,059views

    Dhurandhar

    Dhurandhar is a 2025 Indian Hindi-language spy action thriller film written and directed by Aditya Dhar. It is produced by Aditya Dhar, Lokesh Dhar and Jyoti Deshpande under Jio Studios and B62 Studios. The film features an ensemble cast consisting of Ranveer

  2. 349,952views

    1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre

    Protests led by students and workers, known in China as the June Fourth Incident, were held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, from 15 April to 4 June 1989. After weeks of unsuccessful attempts between the demonstrators and the Chinese government to find a

  3. 327,453views

    Avatar: Fire and Ash

    Avatar: Fire and Ash is a 2025 American epic science fiction film directed by James Cameron from a screenplay he co-wrote with Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. Produced by Lightstorm Entertainment, it is the third installment in the Avatar film series and the seq

  4. 263,123views

    Google Chrome

    Google Chrome is a cross-platform web browser developed by Google. It was launched in September 2008 for Microsoft Windows and was built with free software components from Apple WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. Versions for Linux, macOS, iOS, iPadOS, and Android we

  5. 253,669views

    Tylor Chase

    Tylor Chase is an American former actor and YouTuber, best known for his role as Martin Qwerly in the Nickelodeon series Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide (2004–2007).

  6. 224,228views

    Jeffrey Epstein

    Jeffrey Edward Epstein was an American financier and child sex offender. He began his career as a math teacher at the Dalton School in New York City, before entering the banking and finance sector. Over several decades, he made much of his fortune providing ta

  7. 174,575views

    Vince Zampella

    Vincent Walter Zampella II was an American video game designer. He was best known for being a co-founder and the former studio head of Infinity Ward, the head of Respawn Entertainment, and the former CEO of Ripple Effect Studios.

  8. 165,324views

    Pluribus (TV series)

    Pluribus is an American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series created by Vince Gilligan for Apple TV. Set and filmed primarily in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the series follows novelist Carol Sturka, who finds herself isolated after an alien virus tr

  9. 145,233views

    Lists of deaths by year

    This is a list of lists of deaths of significant people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month and then linked below.

  10. 138,455views

    Epstein files

    The Epstein files are a partially released collection of millions of documents, images, videos, and emails related to the activities of American financier and convicted child sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, including his social circle of public figures, politici

  11. 128,910views

    List of highest-grossing Indian films

    This ranking lists the highest-grossing Indian films produced by Indian cinema, based on conservative global box office estimates as reported by organisations classified as green by Wikipedia. The figures are not adjusted for inflation. However, there is no of

  12. 118,098views

    Ben Sasse

    Benjamin Eric Sasse is an American politician and academic administrator. He represented Nebraska in the United States Senate from 2015 to 2023, resigning to become the president of the University of Florida. He is a member of the Republican Party. A critic of

  13. 111,309views

    Macaulay Culkin

    Macaulay Macaulay Culkin Culkin is an American actor and musician. Considered one of the most successful child actors of the 1990s, Culkin has received several accolades including a Golden Globe Award nomination. In 2005, he was ranked second on VH1's list of

  14. 110,227views

    James Ransone

    James Finley Ransone III was an American actor. Known for his roles in horror and drama, he played Ziggy Sobotka in the second season of the drama series The Wire, Cpl. Josh Ray Person in the war drama miniseries Generation Kill (2008), Deputy "So-and-So" in t

  15. 110,194views

    Bruce Lee

    Bruce Lee was a Hong Kong and American martial artist, actor, and filmmaker. He was the founder of Jeet Kune Do, a hybrid martial arts philosophy, which was formed from his experiences in unarmed fighting and self-defense—as well as eclectic, Zen Buddhist, and

  16. 108,828views

    The Odyssey (2026 film)

    The Odyssey is a 2026 epic action fantasy film written and directed by Christopher Nolan, who produced it with his wife Emma Thomas. An adaptation of Homer's ancient Greek epic poem the Odyssey, it stars an ensemble cast including Matt Damon, Tom Holland, Anne

  17. 107,341views

    Marty Supreme

    Marty Supreme is a 2025 American sports comedy-drama film directed by Josh Safdie, who co-wrote it with Ronald Bronstein. Set in the 1950s, it stars Timothée Chalamet as table tennis player Marty Mauser and follows his quest to become world champion. Gwyneth P

  18. 106,537views

    Chris Rea

    Christopher Anton Rea was an English-Irish rock and blues singer-songwriter, guitarist and record producer. He was known for his distinctive gravelly voice, slide guitar playing and music style blending soft rock with blues.

  19. 94,533views

    Nicki Minaj

    Onika Tanya Maraj-Petty, known professionally as Nicki Minaj, is a Trinidadian rapper, singer, and songwriter. Dubbed the "Queen of Rap" and one of the most influential rappers of all time, she is noted for her dynamic rap flow, witty lyrics, musical versatili

  20. 93,847views

    Wake Up Dead Man

    Wake Up Dead Man is a 2025 American mystery film written and directed by Rian Johnson. It is the third film in the Knives Out series. The film stars Daniel Craig, who reprises his role as master detective Benoit Blanc as he investigates the death of a Catholic

  21. 92,422views

    Stranger Things season 5

    The fifth and final season of the American science fiction horror drama television series Stranger Things, marketed as Stranger Things 5, was released on the streaming service Netflix in two volumes and the finale. The first set of four episodes was released o

  22. 92,089views

    Heated Rivalry

    Heated Rivalry is a Canadian sports romance television series created, written, and directed by Jacob Tierney for Crave. Based on the Game Changers book series by Rachel Reid, the show takes its title from the 2019 second installment. It stars Hudson Williams

  23. 88,299views

    Pat Finn

    Patrick Cassidy Finn was an American film and television actor. Initially performing with the comedy troupe The Second City in Chicago, he first gained attention for his main role as Dan Coleman on the CBS sitcom The George Wendt Show (1995).

  24. 85,547views

    6-7

    6-7 is an Internet meme, slang term, and gesture that became popular in 2025 on TikTok and Instagram Reels. It has no fixed meaning.

  25. 80,785views

    One Battle After Another

    One Battle After Another is a 2025 American action thriller film written, directed, and produced by Paul Thomas Anderson. Inspired by the 1990 novel Vineland by Thomas Pynchon, the film's ensemble cast includes Leonardo DiCaprio, Sean Penn, Benicio del Toro, R

  26. 80,117views

    Ghislaine Maxwell

    Ghislaine Noelle Marion Maxwell is a British convicted child sex trafficker and former socialite. In 2021, she was convicted of child sex trafficking, and in 2022 was sentenced to 20 years in prison.

  27. 78,349views

    Avatar (2009 film)

    Avatar is a 2009 epic science fiction film written and directed by James Cameron. It features an ensemble cast including Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldaña, Stephen Lang, Michelle Rodriguez, and Sigourney Weaver. It is the first installment in the Avatar film series

  28. 76,612views

    Anthony Joshua

    Anthony Oluwafemi Olaseni "AJ" Joshua is a British professional boxer. He held the unified heavyweight championship twice between 2017 and 2021. He also held the International Boxing Organization (IBO) title during his reigns as champion. At regional level, he

  29. 74,883views

    Love Actually

    Love Actually is a 2003 Christmas romantic comedy film written and directed by Richard Curtis. The film features an ensemble cast, composed predominantly of British actors, many of whom had worked with Curtis in previous projects. An international co-productio

  30. 73,261views

    The Great Flood (film)

    The Great Flood (Korean: 대홍수) is a 2025 South Korean science fiction disaster film co-written and directed by Kim Byung-woo. Starring Kim Da-mi and Park Hae-soo, the film depicts the desperate struggle of those who have pinned their hopes on humanity's last da

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 1,178points

    We invited a man into our home at Christmas and he stayed with us for 45 years

    282 comments

  2. 937points

    Maybe the default settings are too high

    321 comments

  3. 758points

    Ruby 4.0.0

    191 comments

  4. 496points

    I sell onions on the Internet (2019)

    174 comments

  5. 492points

    Alzheimer’s disease can be reversed in animal models? Study

    123 comments

  6. 400points

    Python 3.15’s interpreter for Windows x86-64 should hopefully be 15% faster

    149 comments

  7. 386points

    Fahrplan – 39C3

    223 comments

  8. 385points

    Mattermost restricted access to old messages after 10000 limit is reached

    250 comments

  9. 299points

    Who Watches the Waymos? I do [video]

    119 comments

  10. 272points

    Ask HN: What skills do you want to develop or improve in 2026?

    416 comments

  11. 263points

    Asahi Linux with Sway on the MacBook Air M2 (2024)

    318 comments

  12. 252points

    Google is 'gradually rolling out' option to change your gmail.com address

    234 comments

  13. 221points

    Free Software Foundation receives historic private donations

    43 comments

  14. 198points

    Show HN: One clean, developer-focused page for every Unicode symbol

    82 comments

  15. 193points

    Salesforce regrets firing 4000 experienced staff and replacing them with AI

    121 comments

  16. 135points

    UBlockOrigin and UBlacklist AI Blocklist

    67 comments

  17. 131points

    Critical vulnerability in LangChain – CVE-2025-68664

    91 comments

  18. 131points

    Incremental Backups of Gmail Takeouts

    62 comments

  19. 108points

    We "solved" C10K years ago yet we keep reinventing it (2003)

    86 comments

  20. 90points

    URL Pattern API

    17 comments

  21. 88points

    Librarians tired of being accused of hiding secret books that were made up by AI

    83 comments

  22. 86points

    Show HN: Aroma: Every TCP Proxy Is Detectable with RTT Fingerprinting

    54 comments

  23. 85points

    Python Applied Mathematics Labs

    2 comments

  24. 83points

    Silicon Valley's tone-deaf take on the AI backlash will matter in 2026

    32 comments

  25. 80points

    No Longer Evil – new life for dead/outdated Nest Generation 1 and 2 thermostats

    8 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv1909.03716

    Improving Neural Question Generation using World Knowledge

    In this paper, we propose a method for incorporating world knowledge (linked entities and fine-grained entity types) into a neural question generation model. This world knowledge helps to encode additional information related to the entities present in the passage required to generate human-like questions. We evaluate our models on both SQuAD and MS MARCO to demonstrate the usefulness of the world knowledge features.

    Gupta, Deepak, Suleman, Kaheer, Adada, Mahmoud, McNamara, Andrew et al.

  2. arXiv1912.03896

    Explicit Group Sparse Projection with Applications to Deep Learning and NMF

    We design a new sparse projection method for a set of vectors that guarantees a desired average sparsity level measured leveraging the popular Hoyer measure (an affine function of the ratio of the $\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$ norms). Existing approaches either project each vector individually or require the use of a regularization parameter which implicitly maps to the average $\ell_0$-measure of sparsity. Instead, in our a

    Ohib, Riyasat, Gillis, Nicolas, Dalmasso, Niccolò, Shah, Sameena et al.

  3. arXiv2110.03155

    Intrinsic Benefits of Categorical Distributional Loss: Uncertainty-aware Regularized Exploration in Reinforcement Learning

    The remarkable empirical performance of distributional reinforcement learning (RL) has garnered increasing attention to understanding its theoretical advantages over classical RL. By decomposing the categorical distributional loss commonly employed in distributional RL, we find that the potential superiority of distributional RL can be attributed to a derived distribution-matching entropy regularization. This less-st

    Sun, Ke, Zhao, Yingnan, Shi, Enze, Wang, Yafei et al.

  4. arXiv2210.13327

    Deep Kronecker Network

    We propose Deep Kronecker Network (DKN), a novel framework designed for analyzing medical imaging data, such as MRI, fMRI, CT, etc. Medical imaging data is different from general images in at least two aspects: i) sample size is usually much more limited, ii) model interpretation is more of a concern compared to outcome prediction. Due to its unique nature, general methods, such as convolutional neural network (CNN),

    Feng, Long, Yang, Guang

  5. arXiv2308.08427

    Eliciting Risk Aversion with Inverse Reinforcement Learning via Interactive Questioning

    We investigate a framework for robo-advisors to estimate non-expert clients' risk aversion using adaptive binary-choice questionnaires. We model risk aversion using cost functions and spectral risk measures in a static setting. We prove the finite-sample identifiability and, for properly designed questions, obtain a convergence rate of $\sqrt{N}$ up to a logarithmic factor, where $N$ is the number of questions. W

    Cheng, Ziteng, Coache, Anthony, Jaimungal, Sebastian

  6. arXiv2406.16087

    Imperative Learning: A Self-supervised Neuro-Symbolic Learning Framework for Robot Autonomy

    Data-driven methods such as reinforcement and imitation learning have achieved remarkable success in robot autonomy. However, their data-centric nature still hinders them from generalizing well to ever-changing environments. Moreover, labeling data for robotic tasks is often impractical and expensive. To overcome these challenges, we introduce a new self-supervised neuro-symbolic (NeSy) computational framework, imper

    Wang, Chen, Ji, Kaiyi, Geng, Junyi, Ren, Zhongqiang et al.

  7. arXiv2408.06672

    TimeBridge: Better Diffusion Prior Design with Bridge Models for Time Series Generation

    Time series generation is widely used in real-world applications such as simulation, data augmentation, and hypothesis testing. Recently, diffusion models have emerged as the de facto approach to time series generation, enabling diverse synthesis scenarios. However, the fixed standard-Gaussian diffusion prior may be ill-suited for time series data, which exhibit properties such as temporal order and fixed time points

    Park, Jinseong, Lee, Seungyun, Jeong, Woojin, Choi, Yujin et al.

  8. arXiv2408.08056

    DATTA: Domain Diversity Aware Test-Time Adaptation for Dynamic Domain Shift Data Streams

    Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses domain shifts between training and testing. However, existing methods assume a homogeneous target domain (e.g., single domain) at any given time. They fail to handle the dynamic nature of real-world data, where single-domain and multiple-domain distributions change over time. We identify that performance drops in multiple-domain scenarios are caused by batch normalization errors a

    Ye, Chuyang, Wei, Dongyan, Liu, Zhendong, Pang, Yuanyi et al.

  9. arXiv2408.13003

    BoostTrack++: using tracklet information to detect more objects in multiple object tracking

    Multiple object tracking (MOT) depends heavily on selection of true positive detected bounding boxes. However, this aspect of the problem is mostly overlooked or mitigated by employing two-stage association and utilizing low confidence detections in the second stage. Recently proposed BoostTrack attempts to avoid the drawbacks of multiple stage association approach and use low-confidence detections by applying detect

    Stanojević, Vukašin, Todorović, Branimir

  10. arXiv2409.00162

    Sequence to Sequence Reward Modeling: Improving RLHF by Language Feedback

    Aligning the behavior of Large language models (LLMs) with human intentions and values remains a critical challenge. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) aligns LLMs by training a reward model (RM) on human preferences and fine-tuning the LLMs to maximize RM feedback. Despite its effectiveness and popularity, RLHF is prone to biased local optimization. It means RM fails to provide feedback that accuratel

    Zhou, Jiayi, Ji, Jiaming, Dai, Juntao, Li, Dong et al.

  11. arXiv2410.11957

    Agnostic Process Tomography

    Characterizing a quantum system by learning its state or evolution is a fundamental problem in quantum physics and learning theory with a myriad of applications. Recently, as a new approach to this problem, the task of agnostic state tomography was defined, in which one aims to approximate an arbitrary quantum state by a simpler one in a given class. Generalizing this notion to quantum processes, we initiate the stud

    Wadhwa, Chirag, Lewis, Laura, Kashefi, Elham, Doosti, Mina

  12. arXiv2412.06244

    Unbiased Region-Language Alignment for Open-Vocabulary Dense Prediction

    Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have demonstrated impressive zero-shot recognition capability, but still underperform in dense prediction tasks. Self-distillation recently is emerging as a promising approach for fine-tuning VLMs to better adapt to local regions without requiring extensive annotations. However, previous state-of-the-art approaches often suffer from significant `foreground bias

    Li, Yunheng, Li, Yuxuan, Zeng, Quansheng, Wang, Wenhai et al.

  13. arXiv2412.07201

    A Review on the Applications of Transformer-based language models for Nucleotide Sequence Analysis

    In recent times, Transformer-based language models are making quite an impact in the field of natural language processing. As relevant parallels can be drawn between biological sequences and natural languages, the models used in NLP can be easily extended and adapted for various applications in bioinformatics. In this regard, this paper introduces the major developments of Transformer-based models in the recent past

    Ghosh, Nimisha, Santoni, Daniele, Saha, Indrajit, Felici, Giovanni

  14. arXiv2412.18047

    Towards Hierarchical Multi-Agent Decision-Making for Uncertainty-Aware EV Charging

    Recent advances in bidirectional EV charging and discharging systems have spurred interest in workplace applications. However, real-world deployments face various dynamic factors, such as fluctuating electricity prices and uncertain EV departure times, that hinder effective energy management. To address these issues and minimize building electricity costs while meeting EV charging requirements, we design a hierarchic

    Ting, Lo Pang-Yun, Şenol, Ali, Wang, Huan-Yang, Lai, Hsu-Chao et al.

  15. arXiv2501.02913

    Pointmap-Conditioned Diffusion for Consistent Novel View Synthesis

    Synthesizing extrapolated views remains a difficult task, especially in urban driving scenes, where the only reliable sources of data are limited RGB captures and sparse LiDAR points. To address this problem, we present PointmapDiff, a framework for novel view synthesis that utilizes pre-trained 2D diffusion models. Our method leverages point maps (i.e., rasterized 3D scene coordinates) as a conditioning signal, capt

    Nguyen, Thang-Anh-Quan, Piasco, Nathan, Roldão, Luis, Bennehar, Moussab et al.

  16. arXiv2501.18921

    Full-scale Representation Guided Network for Retinal Vessel Segmentation

    The U-Net architecture and its variants have remained state-of-the-art (SOTA) for retinal vessel segmentation over the past decade. In this study, we introduce a Full-Scale Guided Network (FSG-Net), where a novel feature representation module using modernized convolution blocks effectively captures full-scale structural information, while a guided convolution block subsequently refines this information. Specifically,

    Seo, Sunyong, Yoo, Sangwook, Yoon, Huisu

  17. arXiv2502.00903

    Embracing Dialectic Intersubjectivity: Coordination of Different Perspectives in Content Analysis with LLM Persona Simulation

    This study attempts to advancing content analysis methodology from consensus-oriented to coordination-oriented practices, thereby embracing diverse coding outputs and exploring the dynamics among differential perspectives. As an exploratory investigation of this approach, we evaluate six GPT-4o configurations to analyze sentiment in Fox News and MSNBC transcripts on Biden and Trump during the 2020 U.S. presidential c

    Kang, Taewoo, Thorson, Kjerstin, Peng, Tai-Quan, Hiaeshutter-Rice, Dan et al.

  18. arXiv2502.09080

    BevSplat: Resolving Height Ambiguity via Feature-Based Gaussian Primitives for Weakly-Supervised Cross-View Localization

    This paper addresses the problem of weakly supervised cross-view localization, where the goal is to estimate the pose of a ground camera relative to a satellite image with noisy ground truth annotations. A common approach to bridge the cross-view domain gap for pose estimation is Bird's-Eye View (BEV) synthesis. However, existing methods struggle with height ambiguity due to the lack of depth information in groun

    Wang, Qiwei, Wu, Shaoxun, Shi, Yujiao

  19. arXiv2503.11953

    SPOC: Spatially-Progressing Object State Change Segmentation in Video

    Object state changes in video reveal critical cues about human and agent activity. However, existing methods are limited to temporal localization of when the object is in its initial state (e.g., cheese block) versus when it has completed a state change (e.g., grated cheese), offering no insight into where the change is unfolding. We propose to deepen the problem by introducing the spatially-progressing object state

    Mandikal, Priyanka, Nagarajan, Tushar, Stoken, Alex, Xue, Zihui et al.

  20. arXiv2503.12491

    CAKE: Cascading and Adaptive KV Cache Eviction with Layer Preferences

    Large language models (LLMs) excel at processing long sequences, boosting demand for key-value (KV) caching. While recent efforts to evict KV cache have alleviated the inference burden, they often fail to allocate resources rationally across layers with different attention patterns. In this paper, we introduce Cascading and Adaptive KV cache Eviction (CAKE), a novel approach that frames KV cache eviction as a "ca

    Qin, Ziran, Cao, Yuchen, Lin, Mingbao, Hu, Wen et al.

  21. arXiv2504.02080

    Evolving Security in LLMs: A Study of Jailbreak Attacks and Defenses

    Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly popular, powering a wide range of applications. Their widespread use has sparked concerns, especially through jailbreak attacks that bypass safety measures to produce harmful content. In this paper, we present a comprehensive security analysis of large language models (LLMs), addressing critical research questions on the evolution and determinants of model safety. Specifi

    Shang, Zhengchun, Wei, Wenlan, Bai, Weiheng

  22. arXiv2504.04973

    Ensuring Safety in an Uncertain Environment: Constrained MDPs via Stochastic Thresholds

    This paper studies constrained Markov decision processes (CMDPs) with constraints against stochastic thresholds, aiming at safety of reinforcement learning in unknown and uncertain environments. We leverage a Growing-Window estimator sampling from interactions with the uncertain environment to estimate the thresholds, based on which we design Stochastic Pessimistic-Optimistic Thresholding (SPOT), a novel model-based

    Zuo, Qian, He, Fengxiang

  23. arXiv2504.11467

    A Multicore and Edge TPU-Accelerated Multimodal TinyML System for Livestock Behavior Recognition

    The advancement of technology has revolutionized the agricultural industry, transitioning it from labor-intensive farming practices to automated, AI-powered management systems. In recent years, more intelligent livestock monitoring solutions have been proposed to enhance farming efficiency and productivity. This work presents a novel approach to animal activity recognition and movement tracking, leveraging tiny machi

    Zhang, Qianxue, Kanjo, Eiman

  24. arXiv2504.16172

    Physics-Informed Inference Time Scaling for Solving High-Dimensional PDE via Defect Correction

    Solving high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) is a critical challenge where modern data-driven solvers often lack reliability and rigorous error guarantees. We introduce Simulation-Calibrated Scientific Machine Learning (SCaSML), a framework that systematically improves pre-trained PDE solvers at inference time without any retraining. Our core idea is to use defect correction method that derive a new

    Fan, Zexi, Sun, Yan, Yang, Shihao, Lu, Yiping

  25. arXiv2504.17836

    Learning Enhanced Ensemble Filters

    The filtering distribution in hidden Markov models evolves according to the law of a mean-field model in state-observation space. The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) approximates this mean-field model with an ensemble of interacting particles, employing a Gaussian ansatz for the joint distribution of the state and observation at each observation time. These methods are robust, but the Gaussian ansatz limits accuracy. H

    Bach, Eviatar, Baptista, Ricardo, Calvello, Edoardo, Chen, Bohan et al.

On this calendar day 18

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2024year

    After the loss of aircraft systems, Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243 crashed near Aktau International Airport while attempting to perform an emergency landing after being hit by a Russian defense missile.

  2. 2016year

    A Tupolev Tu-154 of the Russian Defence Ministry crashed into the Black Sea shortly after taking off from Sochi International Airport, killing all 92 people on board.

  3. 2009year

    Aboard Northwest Airlines Flight 253, Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab attempted to detonate plastic explosives hidden in his underwear.

  4. 2009year

    A fire destroyed Longford's 19th-century St Mel's Cathedral, considered the "flagship cathedral" of the Irish midlands.

  5. 2007year

    A tiger at the San Francisco Zoo escaped from its enclosure and attacked three patrons before it was shot and killed.

  6. 2000year

    Russian president Vladimir Putin signed into law a bill officially adopting a new national anthem, with music by Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov originally composed for the anthem of the Soviet Union.

  7. 1991year

    In a nationally televised speech, Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as President of the Soviet Union.

  8. 1990year

    British computer programmer Tim Berners-Lee introduced WorldWideWeb, the world's first web browser and WYSIWYG HTML editor.

  9. 1989year

    Romanian Revolution: Communist dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife Elena were condemned to death on a wide range of charges and executed.

  10. 1968year

    In Tamil Nadu, India, families of striking Dalit workers were massacred by a gang, allegedly led by their landlords.

  11. 1941year

    Second World War: The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began when Mark Aitchison Young, the Governor of Hong Kong, surrendered the territory to Japan after 18 days of fierce fighting.

  12. 1927year

    The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng, a revolutionary socialist political party that sought Vietnamese independence from French colonial rule, was formed in Hanoi.

  13. 1914year

    The Royal Navy armed trawler Night Hawk sank after striking a mine, with the loss of six of her crew.

  14. 1831year

    A Baptist preacher named Samuel Sharpe began an unsuccessful eleven-day slave revolt in Jamaica.

  15. 1809year

    American physician Ephraim McDowell performed the world's first removal of an ovarian tumor.

  16. 1758year

    Based on predictions by Edmond Halley in 1705, Johann Georg Palitzsch observed a comet that was later named Halley's Comet .

  17. 1725year

    J. S. Bach led the first performance of the Christmas cantata Unser Mund sei voll Lachens, BWV 110, making laughter audible in singing.

  18. 1724year

    Johann Sebastian Bach led the first performance of Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ, based on the Christmas hymn written by Martin Luther in 1524.