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Record 16112025 · captured 2026-08-25

Sunday, 16 November 2025

The world looked up 2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election. 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

← 2025-11-15 Sunday, 16 November 2025 2025-11-17 →

Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 293,068views

    2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election

    Legislative Assembly elections were held in Bihar from 30 April and 7 May 2025, to elect the 243 members of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. The votes were counted and the results were declared on 16 May 2025.

  2. 284,628views

    Google Chrome

    Google Chrome is a cross-platform web browser developed by Google. It was launched in September 2008 for Microsoft Windows and was built with free software components from Apple WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. Versions for Linux, macOS, iOS, iPadOS, and Android we

  3. 173,991views

    2026 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)

    The European section of the 2026 FIFA World Cup qualification competition acted as qualifiers for the 2026 FIFA World Cup, that was held in Canada, Mexico and the United States, for national teams that were members of the Union of European Football Association

  4. 165,853views

    James A. Garfield

    James Abram Garfield was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 1881 until his death in September that year after being shot in July. A preacher, lawyer, and Civil War general, Garfield served nine terms in the United States House of Repre

  5. 158,862views

    Frankenstein (2025 film)

    Frankenstein is a 2025 American Gothic science fiction horror film written, co-produced, and directed by Guillermo del Toro, based on the 1818 novel by Mary Shelley. The film stars Oscar Isaac as Victor Frankenstein and Jacob Elordi as the Creature, with Mia G

  6. 147,914views

    Jeffrey Epstein

    Jeffrey Edward Epstein was an American financier and child sex offender. He began his career as a math teacher at the Dalton School in New York City, before entering the banking and finance sector. Over several decades, he made much of his fortune providing ta

  7. 144,879views

    2026 FIFA World Cup qualification

    The 2026 FIFA World Cup qualification decided the 45 teams that joined hosts Canada, Mexico, and the United States at the 2026 FIFA World Cup.

  8. 141,543views

    Pluribus (TV series)

    Pluribus is an American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series created by Vince Gilligan for Apple TV. Set and filmed primarily in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the series follows novelist Carol Sturka, who finds herself isolated after an alien virus tr

  9. 133,586views

    Lists of deaths by year

    This is a list of lists of deaths of significant people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month and then linked below.

  10. 132,218views

    Fuck

    Fuck is a profanity in the English language. It often refers to the act of sexual intercourse, but it is most commonly used as an intensifier or to convey disdain. While its origin is obscure, it is usually considered to be first attested to around 1475. In mo

  11. 118,462views

    2018 Horizon Air Bombardier Q400 incident

    On August 10, 2018, a Bombardier Q400 operated by Horizon Air was stolen from Seattle–Tacoma International Airport (Sea–Tac) by 28-year-old Richard Russell, a Horizon Air ground service agent with no piloting experience. After Russell performed an unauthorized

  12. 114,821views

    The Beast in Me (TV series)

    The Beast in Me is an American psychological crime thriller television miniseries for Netflix, starring Claire Danes and Matthew Rhys. Created by Gabe Rotter, the series follows an author (Danes) who begins writing a book about her new next-door neighbor (Rhys

  13. 112,043views

    Todd Snider

    Todd Daniel Snider was an American singer-songwriter whose music incorporated elements of folk, rock, blues, alt country and funk.

  14. 110,343views

    The Running Man (2025 film)

    The Running Man is a 2025 science-fiction action film co-produced and directed by Edgar Wright, from a screenplay by Wright and Michael Bacall. It is the second adaptation of the 1982 novel by Stephen King, following the 1987 film. It stars Glen Powell as Ben

  15. 108,206views

    Maithili Thakur

    Maithili Thakur is an Indian playback singer trained in Indian classical music and folk music. She has sung original songs, covers, and traditional folk music prominently in Hindi, Bengali, Maithili, Urdu, Marathi, Bhojpuri, Punjabi, Tamil, English and more In

  16. 105,754views

    One Battle After Another

    One Battle After Another is a 2025 American action thriller film written, directed, and produced by Paul Thomas Anderson. Inspired by the 1990 novel Vineland by Thomas Pynchon, the film's ensemble cast includes Leonardo DiCaprio, Sean Penn, Benicio del Toro, R

  17. 103,608views

    Conor Benn

    Conor Nigel Benn is a British professional boxer. He is the son of former two-division world champion boxer Nigel Benn.

  18. 96,163views

    1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre

    Protests led by students and workers, known in China as the June Fourth Incident, were held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, from 15 April to 4 June 1989. After weeks of unsuccessful attempts between the demonstrators and the Chinese government to find a

  19. 94,797views

    Jacob Elordi

    Jacob Nathaniel Elordi is an Australian actor. His accolades include a Critics' Choice Award and three AACTA Awards, in addition to nominations for an Academy Award, three British Academy Film Awards and two Golden Globe Awards.

  20. 90,610views

    Eddie Murphy

    Edward Regan Murphy is an American comedian, actor, and singer. He is widely recognized as one of the most influential Black artists in the entertainment industry, and one of the greatest comedians of all time. He had his breakthrough as a stand-up comic befor

  21. 89,242views

    Claire Danes

    Claire Catherine Danes is an American actor. Prolific in film and television since her teens, she is the recipient of three Primetime Emmy Awards and four Golden Globe Awards. In 2012 and 2026, Time named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world

  22. 89,140views

    Dasha Nekrasova

    Daria "Dasha" Dmitrievna Nekrasova is a Soviet-born American actress, filmmaker, and co-host of the Red Scare podcast with Anna Khachiyan, based in Dimes Square, New York City.

  23. 86,163views

    2026 FIFA World Cup

    The 2026 FIFA World Cup was the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's soccer championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament began on June 11, 2026, and concluded on July 19 with Spain winning

  24. 84,549views

    6-7

    6-7 was an Internet meme, slang term, and gesture that became popular in 2025 on TikTok and Instagram Reels. It has no fixed meaning.

  25. 84,353views

    Nitish Kumar

    Nitish Kumar is an Indian politician from Bihar. He is currently serving as a Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha. The national president of the Janata Dal (United), he was the longest serving Chief Minister of Bihar, serving briefly in 2000, from 2005 to

  26. 84,121views

    Bigg Boss (Tamil TV series) season 9

    Bigg Boss 9 is the ninth season of the Indian Tamil-language reality television series Bigg Boss, produced by Banijay. Vijay Sethupathi is returning as a host for the second time in a row. The season premiered on 5 October 2025 on Star Vijay and JioHotstar. Un

  27. 80,851views

    Frankenstein

    Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus is an 1818 Gothic novel written by English author Mary Shelley. Frankenstein tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist who creates a sapient creature from different body parts in an unorthodox scientific

  28. 79,984views

    Chester A. Arthur

    Chester Alan Arthur was the 21st president of the United States, serving from 1881 to 1885. A Republican from New York, he served as the 20th vice president under President James A. Garfield in 1881, assuming the presidency after Garfield's assassination. Arth

  29. 79,218views

    Now You See Me: Now You Don't

    Now You See Me: Now You Don't is a 2025 American heist film directed by Ruben Fleischer from a screenplay by Michael Lesslie, the writing duo of Paul Wernick and Rhett Reese, and Seth Grahame-Smith, based on a story by Eric Warren Singer and Lesslie. The film

  30. 79,218views

    Survivor Series: WarGames (2025)

    The 2025 Survivor Series: WarGames, also promoted as Survivor Series: WarGames San Diego, was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) and livestreaming event produced by WWE. It was the 39th annual Survivor Series and took place on November 29, 2025, at Pe

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 1,424points

    AirPods libreated from Apple's ecosystem

    462 comments

  2. 1,160points

    Anthropic’s paper smells like bullshit

    322 comments

  3. 745points

    Heretic: Automatic censorship removal for language models

    380 comments

  4. 692points

    Open-source Zig book

    390 comments

  5. 685points

    I have recordings proving Coinbase knew about breach months before disclosure

    223 comments

  6. 471points

    Astrophotographer snaps skydiver falling in front of the sun

    95 comments

  7. 448points

    Maybe you’re not trying

    188 comments

  8. 409points

    Where do the children play?

    256 comments

  9. 357points

    Supercookie: Browser Fingerprinting via Favicon (2021)

    100 comments

  10. 350points

    Dark Pattern Games

    138 comments

  11. 311points

    I finally understand Cloudflare Zero Trust tunnels

    107 comments

  12. 301points

    IDEmacs: A Visual Studio Code clone for Emacs

    181 comments

  13. 295points

    The fate of "small" open source

    227 comments

  14. 286points

    Britney Spears' Guide to Semiconductor Physics (2000)

    87 comments

  15. 271points

    CUDA Ontology

    40 comments

  16. 253points

    The internet is no longer a safe haven

    199 comments

  17. 249points

    Goldman Sachs asks in biotech Report: Is curing patients a sustainable business? (2018)

    173 comments

  18. 239points

    Brimstone: ES2025 JavaScript engine written in Rust

    118 comments

  19. 237points

    What if you don't need MCP at all?

    183 comments

  20. 235points

    FPGA Based IBM-PC-XT

    49 comments

  21. 228points

    Hyundai Paywalls Brake Pads replacement on Ioniq 5 N

    179 comments

  22. 222points

    Dissecting Flock Safety: The Cameras Tracking You Are a Security Nightmare [video]

    93 comments

  23. 219points

    The Pragmatic Programmer: 20th Anniversary Edition (2023)

    62 comments

  24. 212points

    Peter Thiel sells off all Nvidia stock, stirring bubble fears

    186 comments

  25. 207points

    A new chapter begins for EV batteries with the expiry of key LFP patents

    193 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv2511.12838

    Connectivity-Guided Sparsification of 2-FWL GNNs: Preserving Full Expressivity with Improved Efficiency

    Higher-order Graph Neural Networks (HOGNNs) based on the 2-FWL test achieve superior expressivity by modeling 2- and 3-node interactions, but at $\mathcal{O}(n^3)$ computational cost. However, this computational burden is typically mitigated by existing efficiency methods at the cost of reduced expressivity. We propose \textbf{Co-Sparsify}, a connectivity-aware sparsification framework that eliminates \emph{provably

    Rongqin Chen, Fan Mo, Pak Lon Ip, Shenghui Zhang et al.

  2. arXiv2511.12834

    SAGA: Source Attribution of Generative AI Videos

    The proliferation of generative AI has led to hyper-realistic synthetic videos, escalating misuse risks and outstripping binary real/fake detectors. We introduce SAGA (Source Attribution of Generative AI videos), the first comprehensive framework to address the urgent need for AI-generated video source attribution at a large scale. Unlike traditional detection, SAGA identifies the specific generative model used. It u

    Rohit Kundu, Vishal Mohanty, Hao Xiong, Shan Jia et al.

  3. arXiv2511.12832

    From Passive to Persuasive: Localized Activation Injection for Empathy and Negotiation

    Complex social behaviors, such as empathy and strategic politeness, are widely assumed to resist the directional decomposition that makes activation steering effective for coarse attributes like sentiment or toxicity. We present STAR: Steering via Attribution and Representation, which tests this assumption by using attribution patching to identify the layer--token positions where each behavioral trait causally origin

    Niranjan Chebrolu, Kokil Jaidka, Gerard Christopher Yeo

  4. arXiv2511.12828

    Catastrophic Forgetting in Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks

    Catastrophic forgetting is a longstanding challenge in continual learning, where models lose knowledge from earlier tasks when learning new ones. While various mitigation strategies have been proposed for Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs), recent architectural advances like Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) have been suggested to offer intrinsic resistance to forgetting by leveraging localized spline-based activations.

    Mohammad Marufur Rahman, Guanchu Wang, Kaixiong Zhou, Minghan Chen et al.

  5. arXiv2511.12810

    MSRNet: A Multi-Scale Recursive Network for Camouflaged Object Detection

    Camouflaged object detection is an emerging and challenging computer vision task that requires identifying and segmenting objects that blend seamlessly into their environments due to high similarity in color, texture, and size. This task is further complicated by low-light conditions, partial occlusion, small object size, intricate background patterns, and multiple objects. While many sophisticated methods have been

    Leena Alghamdi, Muhammad Usman, Hafeez Anwar, Abdul Bais et al.

  6. arXiv2511.12808

    Expressive Temporal Specifications for Reward Monitoring

    Specifying informative and dense reward functions remains a pivotal challenge in Reinforcement Learning, as it directly affects the efficiency of agent training. In this work, we harness the expressive power of quantitative Linear Temporal Logic on finite traces (($\text{LTL}_f[\mathcal{F}]$)) to synthesize reward monitors that generate a dense stream of rewards for runtime-observable state trajectories. By providing

    Omar Adalat, Francesco Belardinelli

  7. arXiv2511.12804

    The Alignment Game: A Theory of Long-Horizon Alignment Through Recursive Curation

    In self-consuming generative models that train on their own outputs, alignment with user preferences becomes a recursive rather than one-time process. We provide the first formal foundation for analyzing the long-term effects of such recursive retraining on alignment. Under a two-stage curation mechanism based on the Bradley-Terry (BT) model, we model alignment as an interaction between two factions: the Model Owner,

    Ali Falahati, Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri, Kate Larson, Lukasz Golab

  8. arXiv2511.12797

    Genomic Next-Token Predictors are In-Context Learners

    In-context learning (ICL) -- the capacity of a model to infer and apply abstract patterns from examples provided within its input -- has been extensively studied in large language models trained for next-token prediction on human text. In fact, prior work often attributes this emergent behavior to distinctive statistical properties in human language. This raises a fundamental question: can ICL arise organically in ot

    Nathan Breslow, Aayush Mishra, Mahler Revsine, Michael C. Schatz et al.

  9. arXiv2511.12796

    Maximizing the efficiency of human feedback in AI alignment: a comparative analysis

    Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) relies on preference modeling to align machine learning systems with human values, yet the popular approach of random pair sampling with Bradley-Terry modeling is statistically limited and inefficient under constrained annotation budgets. In this work, we explore alternative sampling and evaluation strategies for preference inference in RLHF, drawing inspiration from

    Andreas Chouliaras, Dimitris Chatzopoulos

  10. arXiv2511.12793

    Neuro-Logic Lifelong Learning

    Solving Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) problems with neural networks is a key challenge in Neural-Symbolic Ar- tificial Intelligence (AI). While most research has focused on designing novel network architectures for individual prob- lems, less effort has been devoted to exploring new learning paradigms involving a sequence of problems. In this work, we investigate lifelong learning ILP, which leverages the com- po

    Bowen He, Xiaoan Xu, Alper Kamil Bozkurt, Vahid Tarokh et al.

  11. arXiv2511.12792

    Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Heterogeneous Satellite Cluster Resources Optimization

    This work investigates resource optimization in heterogeneous satellite clusters performing autonomous Earth Observation (EO) missions using Reinforcement Learning (RL). In the proposed setting, two optical satellites and one Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite operate cooperatively in low Earth orbit to capture ground targets and manage their limited onboard resources efficiently. Traditional optimization metho

    Mohamad A. Hady, Siyi Hu, Mahardhika Pratama, Zehong Cao et al.

  12. arXiv2511.12791

    Optimal Look-back Horizon for Time Series Forecasting in Federated Learning

    Selecting an appropriate look-back horizon remains a fundamental challenge in time series forecasting (TSF), particularly in the federated learning scenarios where data is decentralized, heterogeneous, and often non-independent. While recent work has explored horizon selection by preserving forecasting-relevant information in an intrinsic space, these approaches are primarily restricted to centralized and independent

    Dahao Tang, Nan Yang, Yanli Li, Zhiyu Zhu et al.

  13. arXiv2511.12785

    Lightweight Optimal-Transport Harmonization on Edge Devices

    Color harmonization adjusts the colors of an inserted object so that it perceptually matches the surrounding image, resulting in a seamless composite. The harmonization problem naturally arises in augmented reality (AR), yet harmonization algorithms are not currently integrated into AR pipelines because real-time solutions are scarce. In this work, we address color harmonization for AR by proposing a lightweight appr

    Maria Larchenko, Dmitry Guskov, Alexander Lobashev, Georgy Derevyanko

  14. arXiv2511.20680

    Cognitive bias in LLM reasoning compromises interpretation of clinical oncology notes

    Despite high performance on clinical benchmarks, large language models may reach correct conclusions through faulty reasoning, a failure mode with safety implications for oncology decision support that is not captured by accuracy-based evaluation. In this two-cohort retrospective study, we developed a hierarchical taxonomy of reasoning errors from GPT-4 chain-of-thought responses to real oncology notes and tested its

    Matthew W. Kenaston, Umair Ayub, Mihir Parmar, Muhammad Umair Anjum et al.

  15. arXiv2511.12779

    Scalable Multi-Objective and Meta Reinforcement Learning via Gradient Estimation

    We study the problem of efficiently estimating policies that simultaneously optimize multiple objectives in reinforcement learning (RL). Given $n$ objectives (or tasks), we seek the optimal partition of these objectives into $k \ll n$ groups, where each group comprises related objectives that can be trained together. This problem arises in applications such as robotics, control, and preference optimization in languag

    Zhenshuo Zhang, Minxuan Duan, Youran Ye, Hongyang R. Zhang

  16. arXiv2511.13793

    Modeling Fairness in Recruitment AI via Information Flow

    Avoiding bias and understanding the real-world consequences of AI-supported decision-making are critical to address fairness and assign accountability. Existing approaches often focus either on technical aspects, such as datasets and models, or on high-level socio-ethical considerations - rarely capturing how these elements interact in practice. In this paper, we apply an information flow-based modeling framework to

    Mattias Brännström, Themis Dimitra Xanthopoulou, Lili Jiang

  17. arXiv2511.12769

    Event-CausNet: Unlocking Causal Knowledge from Text with Large Language Models for Reliable Spatio-Temporal Forecasting

    While spatio-temporal Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel at modeling recurring traffic patterns, their reliability plummets during non-recurring events like accidents. This failure occurs because GNNs are fundamentally correlational models, learning historical patterns that are invalidated by the new causal factors introduced during disruptions. To address this, we propose Event-CausNet, a framework that uses a Large

    Luyao Niu, Zepu Wang, Shuyi Guan, Yang Liu et al.

  18. arXiv2511.12768

    Evidence of Phase Transitions in Small Transformer-Based Language Models

    Phase transitions have been proposed as the origin of emergent abilities in large language models (LLMs), where new capabilities appear abruptly once models surpass critical thresholds of scale. Prior work, such as that of Wei et al., demonstrated these phenomena under model and data scaling, with transitions revealed after applying a log scale to training compute. In this work, we ask three complementary questions:

    Noah Hong, Tao Hong

  19. arXiv2511.12759

    Optimal Foraging in Memory Retrieval: Evaluating Random Walks and Metropolis-Hastings Sampling in Modern Semantic Spaces

    Human memory retrieval often resembles ecological foraging where animals search for food in a patchy environment. Optimal foraging means following the Marginal Value Theorem (MVT), in which individuals exploit a patch of semantically related concepts until it becomes less rewarding and then switch to a new cluster. While human behavioral data suggests foraging-like patterns in semantic fluency tasks, it remains uncle

    James Moore

  20. arXiv2511.12757

    Which Way from B to A: The role of embedding geometry in image interpolation for Stable Diffusion

    It can be shown that Stable Diffusion has a permutation-invariance property with respect to the rows of Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) embedding matrices. This inspired the novel observation that these embeddings can naturally be interpreted as point clouds in a Wasserstein space rather than as matrices in a Euclidean space. This perspective opens up new possibilities for understanding the geometry of

    Nicholas Karris, Luke Durell, Javier Flores, Tegan Emerson

  21. arXiv2511.12754

    Adaptively Coordinating with Novel Partners via Learned Latent Strategies

    Adaptation is the cornerstone of effective collaboration among heterogeneous team members. In human-agent teams, artificial agents need to adapt to their human partners in real time, as individuals often have unique preferences and policies that may change dynamically throughout interactions. This becomes particularly challenging in tasks with time pressure and complex strategic spaces, where identifying partner beha

    Benjamin Li, Shuyang Shi, Lucia Romero, Huao Li et al.

  22. arXiv2511.12752

    Whose Narrative is it Anyway? A KV Cache Manipulation Attack

    The Key Value(KV) cache is an important component for efficient inference in autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs), but its role as a representation of the model's internal state makes it a potential target for integrity attacks. This paper introduces "History Swapping," a novel block-level attack that manipulates the KV cache to steer model generation without altering the user-facing prompt. The attack involve

    Mukkesh Ganesh, Kaushik Iyer, Arun Baalaaji Sankar Ananthan

  23. arXiv2511.12751

    Are LLMs The Way Forward? A Case Study on LLM-Guided Reinforcement Learning for Decentralized Autonomous Driving

    Autonomous vehicle navigation in complex environments such as dense and fast-moving highways and merging scenarios remains an active area of research. A key limitation of RL is its reliance on well-specified reward functions, which often fail to capture the full semantic and social complexity of diverse, out-of-distribution situations. As a result, a rapidly growing line of research explores using Large Language Mode

    Timur Anvar, Jeffrey Chen, Yuyan Wang, Rohan Chandra

  24. arXiv2511.14796

    Opinion Mining and Analysis Using Hybrid Deep Neural Networks

    Understanding customer attitudes has become a critical component of decision-making due to the growing influence of social media and e-commerce. Text-based opinions are the most structured, hence playing an important role in sentiment analysis. Most of the existing methods, which include lexicon-based approaches and traditional machine learning techniques, are insufficient for handling contextual nuances and scalabil

    Adel Hidri, Suleiman Ali Alsaif, Muteeb Alahmari, Eman AlShehri et al.

  25. arXiv2511.13791

    XAI-Driven Deep Learning for Protein Sequence Functional Group Classification

    Proteins perform essential biological functions, and accurate classification of their sequences is critical for understanding structure-function relationships, enzyme mechanisms, and molecular interactions. This study presents a deep learning-based framework for functional group classification of protein sequences derived from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Four architectures were implemented: Convolutional Neural Netw

    Pratik Chakraborty, Aryan Bhargava

On this calendar day 18

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2020year

    The El Dorado Fire in California, United States, was extinguished after 71 days, having destroyed 20 structures and killed one firefighter.

  2. 2002year

    The first case of SARS, a zoonotic respiratory coronavirus disease, was recorded in Guangdong, China.

  3. 1997year

    Chinese dissident Wei Jingsheng, released on ostensibly medical grounds after spending eighteen years in prison, was deported to the United States.

  4. 1992year

    In Suffolk, England, a local man found the largest hoard of Roman silver and gold in Britain (sample pictured), including the largest collection of 4th- and 5th-century gold and silver coins ever discovered within the former Roman Empire.

  5. 1981year

    About 30 million people watched the fictional couple Luke Spencer and Laura Webber wed on the television show General Hospital in the highest-rated hour in American soap opera history.

  6. 1973year

    U.S. president Richard Nixon signed an act authorizing the construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline to transport oil from the Beaufort Sea to the Gulf of Alaska.

  7. 1967year

    Aeroflot Flight 2230 crashed after takeoff from Koltsovo Airport, Russia, killing all 107 people aboard.

  8. 1959year

    The Sound of Music, a musical by Rodgers and Hammerstein based on The Story of the Trapp Family Singers, opened on Broadway at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre.

  9. 1944year

    World War II: Operation Queen commenced with one of the heaviest Allied tactical bombings of the war, attacking German targets in the Rur valley.

  10. 1938year

    Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann first synthesized the psychedelic drug LSD in Basel, Switzerland.

  11. 1914year

    World War I: Austro-Hungarian forces launched an assault against Serbian defensive positions at the Kolubara river, beginning the Battle of Kolubara.

  12. 1885year

    After a five-day trial following the North-West Rebellion, Louis Riel, a Canadian Métis leader and "Father of Manitoba", was hanged for high treason.

  13. 1776year

    American Revolutionary War: Fort Washington on Manhattan was captured from the Patriots by British and Hessian units.

  14. 1776year

    American Revolutionary War: A Dutch fort on Sint Eustatius fired The First Salute to an American brig (pictured), marking the first international recognition of the American flag.

  15. 1632year

    King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden was killed at the Battle of Lützen during the Thirty Years' War.

  16. 1532year

    Spanish conquest of Peru: Conquistador Francisco Pizarro orchestrated a surprise attack in Cajamarca, capturing the Inca emperor, Atahualpa.

  17. 1476year

    With the help of Stephen III and Stephen Báthory, Vlad the Impaler ousted Basarab the Old and became the ruler of Wallachia for the third time.

  18. 534year

    The second edition of the Code of Justinian, a codification of Roman law by Byzantine emperor Justinian I (pictured), was published.