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Record 13072026 · captured 2026-08-25

Monday, 13 July 2026

The world looked up Lindsey Graham. 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

← 2026-07-12 Monday, 13 July 2026 2026-07-14 →

Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 2,652,838views

    Lindsey Graham

    Lindsey Olin Graham was an American politician, attorney, and military officer who represented South Carolina in the United States Senate from 2003 until his death in 2026. A member of the Republican Party, he represented South Carolina's 3rd congressional dis

  2. 818,677views

    Jude Bellingham

    Jude Victor William Bellingham is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for La Liga club Real Madrid and the England national team. Regarded as one of the best players in the world, he is known for his athleticism and ball-winning abilit

  3. 781,515views

    Jannik Sinner

    Jannik Sinner is an Italian professional tennis player. He is currently ranked world No.1 by Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), and was the year-end No. 1 in 2024. Sinner has won 30 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including five majors, ten Masters and

  4. 529,859views

    Alexander Zverev

    Alexander "Sascha" Zverev is a German professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2 by the ATP achieved in June 2022. Zverev has won 25 ATP Tour singles titles, including the 2026 French Open, a gold medal at the 2020 Tokyo Ol

  5. 506,910views

    2026 FIFA World Cup

    The 2026 FIFA World Cup was the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's soccer championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament began on June 11, 2026, and concluded on July 19 with Spain winning

  6. 505,741views

    Erling Haaland

    Erling Braut Haaland is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Premier League club Manchester City and the Norway national team. Regarded as one of the best players in the world and the greatest Norwegian player of all time, he is known

  7. 474,875views

    Conor McGregor

    Conor Anthony McGregor is an Irish professional mixed martial artist. He is a former Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) Featherweight and Lightweight Champion, becoming the first fighter to hold UFC championships in two weight classes simultaneously. He is a

  8. 453,550views

    Mitch McConnell

    Addison Mitchell McConnell III is an American politician and attorney who has been a United States senator from Kentucky since 1985 and has been Kentucky's senior U.S. senator since 1999. A member of the Republican Party, McConnell is in his seventh Senate ter

  9. 370,656views

    Lionel Messi

    Lionel Andrés "Leo" Messi is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward for and captains both Major League Soccer (MLS) club Inter Miami and the Argentina national team. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players in history, Messi has set

  10. 343,937views

    UFC 329

    UFC 329: McGregor vs. Holloway 2 was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on July 11, 2026, at the T-Mobile Arena in Paradise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas Valley, United States.

  11. 338,187views

    S. Janaki

    Sistla Janaki was an Indian playback singer and occasional music composer. Fondly known as Janaki Amma and described as the "Nightingale of South India", Janaki is considered one of the greatest and most influential singers in the history of Indian music. She

  12. 288,455views

    Ann Widdecombe

    Ann Noreen Widdecombe was a British politician and media personality. As a member of the Conservative Party, she was the member of Parliament (MP) for Maidstone and The Weald, previously Maidstone, from 1987 to 2010. She joined the Brexit Party – later Reform

  13. 272,119views

    Jayden Adams

    Jayden Oswin Adams was a South African professional soccer player who played as a defensive midfielder. He played for Stellenbosch, Mamelodi Sundowns, and the South African national team.

  14. 267,252views

    FIFA Men's World Ranking

    The FIFA Men's World Ranking is a ranking system for men's national teams in association football, first introduced in December 1992. The men's teams of the member nations of FIFA, football's world governing body, are ranked based on their game results with th

  15. 253,601views

    Vinod Khosla

    Vinod Khosla is an Indian-American billionaire, entrepreneur, and venture capitalist. He is a co-founder of Sun Microsystems and the founder of Khosla Ventures. As of July 11, 2026, he entered into a binding agreement to purchase the Seattle Seahawks. Khosla m

  16. 223,819views

    List of FIFA World Cup finals

    The FIFA World Cup is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every fou

  17. 223,082views

    FIFA World Cup

    The FIFA World Cup is an international association football competition among the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has been held every

  18. 217,244views

    Max Holloway

    Jerome Max Keliʻi Holloway is an American professional mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Lightweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he is a former UFC Featherweight Champion and former symbolic UFC "BMF" titleholde

  19. 214,854views

    Alexis Mac Allister

    Alexis Mac Allister is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Premier League club Liverpool and the Argentina national team. He has been praised for his passing range, tactical awareness, and ability to control the tempo of play.

  20. 205,591views

    Paddy Pimblett

    Patrick Mark Pimblett is an English professional mixed martial artist. A professional since 2012, Pimblett is a former Cage Warriors Featherweight Champion. He currently competes in the Lightweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). As of 11

  21. 183,221views

    Thomas Tuchel

    Thomas Tuchel is a German professional football manager and former player who is the manager of the England national team.

  22. 178,258views

    The Odyssey (2026 film)

    The Odyssey is a 2026 epic action fantasy film written and directed by Christopher Nolan, who produced it with his wife Emma Thomas. An adaptation of Homer's ancient Greek epic poem the Odyssey, it stars an ensemble cast including Matt Damon, Tom Holland, Anne

  23. 163,013views

    Obsession (2025 film)

    Obsession is a 2025 American supernatural horror film written, directed, and edited by Curry Barker. The film follows Bear, a music store employee who buys a supernatural toy that grants his wish for his friend Nikki to fall in love with him, which makes her b

  24. 160,984views

    Argentina–England football rivalry

    The Argentina–England football rivalry is a sports rivalry between the national football teams of Argentina and England. Exacerbated by historical political tensions, it is widely considered one of the most intense rivalries in international sport. Fixtures be

  25. 159,018views

    Carlos Alcaraz

    Carlos Alcaraz Garfia is a Spanish professional tennis player. He has been ranked world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 66 weeks, and finished as the year-end No. 1 in 2022 and 2025. Alcaraz has won 26 ATP Tour–level

  26. 158,110views

    Murat Yakin

    Murat Yakin is a Swiss football coach and former player who is currently the manager of the Switzerland national team.

  27. 158,037views

    Deaths in 2026

    The following notable deaths occurred in 2026. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent nationality, what subject was

  28. 157,758views

    Breel Embolo

    Breel Donald Embolo is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for Major League Soccer club Atlanta United and the Switzerland national team.

  29. 141,786views

    Cristiano Ronaldo

    Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a forward for and captains the Saudi Pro League club Al-Nassr and the Portugal national team. Nicknamed CR7, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in histor

  30. 140,177views

    Harry Kane

    Harry Edward Kane is an English professional footballer who plays as a striker for Bundesliga club Bayern Munich and captains the England national team. He is regarded as one of the best players in the world, one of the best strikers of his generation, and one

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 1,554points

    Zig Creator Calls Spade a Spade, Anthropic Blows Smoke

    786 comments

  2. 1,102points

    Ask HN: Add flag for AI-generated articles

    460 comments

  3. 697points

    A graph that should be front-page news

    449 comments

  4. 570points

    Apple's new SpeechAnalyzer API, benchmarked against Whisper and its predecessor

    238 comments

  5. 555points

    Building and shipping Mac and iOS apps without opening Xcode

    232 comments

  6. 553points

    Former NOAA employees built Climate.us to preserve climate data and resources

    217 comments

  7. 512points

    Grok uploaded my user directory to xAI's servers

    19 comments

  8. 474points

    Sam Neill has died

    114 comments

  9. 473points

    LAPD lets contract with surveillance giant Flock expire

    414 comments

  10. 439points

    Grok CLI uploaded the whole home directory to GCS

    404 comments

  11. 397points

    Show HN: Super Dario

    100 comments

  12. 381points

    A voxel Tokyo in real Japan time – ride the Yamanote line and study Japanese

    74 comments

  13. 360points

    Telegram's t.me domain has been suspended

    280 comments

  14. 352points

    Samsung Health app threatens data deletion if users opt out AI training

    103 comments

  15. 348points

    Count Binface

    300 comments

  16. 342points

    DOGE is done. What happened to its records?

    298 comments

  17. 278points

    Backtrack-Free Cursive

    126 comments

  18. 255points

    The art and engineering of Sega CD Silpheed

    55 comments

  19. 232points

    Mathematicians still don't know the fastest way to multiply numbers

    144 comments

  20. 230points

    Lobste.rs is now running on SQLite

    190 comments

  21. 228points

    The infinite scroll may become endangered if controversial Calif. law passes

    439 comments

  22. 227points

    Control the Ideas, Not the Code

    189 comments

  23. 226points

    Show HN: Clawk – Give coding agents a disposable Linux VM, not your laptop

    159 comments

  24. 225points

    An Englishwoman who sketched India before photography took hold

    69 comments

  25. 212points

    Vāgdhenu: A Sanskrit Chanting TTS System

    60 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv1704.01148

    The Quantification Horizon Theory of Consciousness

    To make nature mathematically tractable, the scientific model of the world omits qualia--colors, sounds, tastes, sensations--leaving only what admits of numerical characterization. The "hard problem" of consciousness--the enigma of why and how physical processing gives rise to felt experience--remains unsolved. The Quantification Horizon Theory of Consciousness (QHT) proposes that this enigma reflects a struc

    Le, T. R.

  2. arXiv2004.05813

    A Fourier analytique approach to Gaussian mixture learning

    Suppose that we are given independent, identically distributed random samples $x_1,\cdots,x_n$ from a mixture at most $k$ many $d$-dimensional spherical Gaussian distributions $μ_1,\cdots,μ_{k_0}$ of identical and known variance $σ^2$ in each coordinate, such that the minimum $\ell^2$ distance between two distinct centers $y_l$ and $y_j$ is greater than $2Δσ\min\{\sqrt{d},\sqrt k\}$, where $Δ>C_0$, and $C_0$ is a

    Chakraborty, Somnath, Narayanan, Hariharan

  3. arXiv2211.00111

    Ruby: Unmasking Unsafe Rust in Stripped Binaries via Machine Learning

    Rust, as an emerging system programming language, introduces $\texttt{unsafe}$ to allow developers to bypass safety checks during compilation. As a result, memory safety bugs are typically confined to the $\texttt{unsafe}$ regions, which have been the primary focus of Rust bug-finding tools. However, such tools rely on the presence of the $\texttt{unsafe}$ keyword in Rust source code; there are no tools available tha

    Cheng, Xiang, Park, Sangdon, Han, HyungSeok, Zhang, Xiaokuan et al.

  4. arXiv2311.00300

    Entity Alignment Method of Science and Technology Patent based on Graph Convolution Network and Information Fusion

    The entity alignment of science and technology patents aims to link the equivalent entities in the knowledge graph of different science and technology patent data sources. Most entity alignment methods only use graph neural network to obtain the embedding of graph structure or use attribute text description to obtain semantic representation, ignoring the process of multi-information fusion in science and technology p

    Fang, Runze, Li, Yawen, Shao, Yingxia, Guan, Zeli et al.

  5. arXiv2311.02564

    Relation Extraction Model Based on Semantic Enhancement Mechanism

    Relational extraction is one of the basic tasks related to information extraction in the field of natural language processing, and is an important link and core task in the fields of information extraction, natural language understanding, and information retrieval. None of the existing relation extraction methods can effectively solve the problem of triple overlap. The CasAug model proposed in this paper based on the

    Liu, Peiyu, Du, Junping, Shao, Yingxia, Guan, Zeli

  6. arXiv2311.02566

    Topic model based on co-occurrence word networks for unbalanced short text datasets

    We propose a straightforward solution for detecting scarce topics in unbalanced short-text datasets. Our approach, named CWUTM (Topic model based on co-occurrence word networks for unbalanced short text datasets), addresses the challenge of sparse and unbalanced short text topics by mitigating the effects of incidental word co-occurrence. This allows our model to prioritize the identification of scarce topics (low-fr

    Ma, Chengjie, Du, Junping, Liang, Meiyu, Guan, Zeli

  7. arXiv2312.09076

    ProSGNeRF: Progressive Dynamic Neural Scene Graph with Frequency Modulated Foundation Model in Urban Scenes

    Implicit neural representation has demonstrated promising results in 3D reconstruction on various scenes. However, existing approaches either struggle to model fast-moving objects or are incapable of handling large-scale camera ego-motions in urban environments. This leads to low-quality synthesized views of the large-scale urban scenes. In this paper, we aim to jointly solve the problems caused by large-scale scenes

    Deng, Tianchen, Wang, Yanbo, Liu, Yejia, Su, Chenpeng et al.

  8. arXiv2312.09084

    Language Modeling on a SpiNNaker 2 Neuromorphic Chip

    As large language models continue to scale in size rapidly, so too does the computational power required to run them. Event-based networks on neuromorphic devices offer a potential way to reduce energy consumption for inference significantly. However, to date, most event-based networks that can run on neuromorphic hardware, including spiking neural networks (SNNs), have not achieved task performance even on par with

    Nazeer, Khaleelulla Khan, Schöne, Mark, Mukherji, Rishav, Vogginger, Bernhard et al.

  9. arXiv2403.14926

    Contrastive Learning on Multimodal Analysis of Electronic Health Records

    Electronic health record (EHR) systems capture a wealth of multimodal clinical data, encompassing both structured clinical codes and unstructured clinical notes. Yet, many EHR-focused studies have traditionally examined these modalities in isolation or combined them using simplistic methods, overlooking the intrinsic synergy between them. In reality, these modalities are deeply interconnected, each containing clinica

    Cai, Tianxi, Huang, Feiqing, Nakada, Ryumei, Zhang, Linjun et al.

  10. arXiv2405.00914

    Accelerated Fully First-Order Methods for Bilevel and Minimax Optimization

    We present in this paper novel accelerated fully first-order methods in \emph{Bilevel Optimization} (BLO). Firstly, for BLO under the assumption that the lower-level functions admit the typical strong convexity assumption, the \emph{(Perturbed) Restarted Accelerated Fully First-order methods for Bilevel Approximation} (\texttt{PRAF${}^2$BA}) algorithm leveraging \emph{fully} first-order oracles is proposed, whereas t

    Li, Chris Junchi

  11. arXiv2405.16361

    LDPKiT: Superimposing Remote Queries for Privacy-Preserving Distillation

    To protect privacy in regulated domains such as healthcare and finance, model owners may allow only remote API access while keeping both the training data and model parameters private. However, model users performing inference on such remotely hosted models may be required to transmit potentially sensitive inputs, raising privacy concerns. In this work, we present LDPKiT, a framework for non-adversarial, privacy-pres

    Li, Kexin, Mehta, Aastha, Lie, David

  12. arXiv2406.12264

    Projection Methods for Operator Learning and Universal Approximation

    We obtain a new universal approximation theorem for continuous (possibly nonlinear) operators on arbitrary Banach spaces using the Leray-Schauder mapping. Moreover, we introduce and study a method for operator learning in Banach spaces $L^p$ of functions with multiple variables, based on orthogonal projections on polynomial bases. We derive a universal approximation result for operators where we learn a linear projec

    Zappala, Emanuele

  13. arXiv2407.21082

    Accelerating Large Language Model Inference with Self-Supervised Early Exits

    This paper presents a modular approach to accelerate inference in large language models (LLMs) by adding early exit heads at intermediate transformer layers. Each head is trained in a self-supervised manner to mimic the main model's predictions, allowing computation to stop early when a calibrated confidence threshold is reached. We evaluate several confidence metrics and show that entropy provides the most relia

    Valade, Florian

  14. arXiv2408.08973

    Image class translation: visual inspection of class-specific hypotheticals and classification based on translation distance

    Purpose: A major barrier to the implementation of artificial intelligence for medical applications is automated CNNs' lack of explainability and high confidence for incorrect decisions, specifically with out-of-domain samples. We propose a generalization of image translation networks for image classification and demonstrate translation networks' potential as a more interpretable alternative to conventional bl

    Bowen, Mikyla K., Wilson, Jesse W.

  15. arXiv2408.12322

    Zero-shot 3D General Obstacle Detection via Multimodal Foundation Models and Geometry

    Detecting general obstacles is critical for autonomous driving, especially in long-tail scenarios with rare or unseen objects. Existing methods rely on supervision or predefined categories, limiting generalization. We propose a training-free approach that combines multimodal foundation models with geometric reasoning for 3D obstacle detection. Our key idea is to detect obstacles as deviations from the road surface, s

    Matuszka, Tamás, Hajas, Péter, Szeghy, Dávid

  16. arXiv2409.05559

    IFAR: Multi-Perspective and Multi-Level Causal Discovery with LLMs

    Large language models (LLMs) have developed rapidly, and their reasoning capabilities have become a hot research topic. However, there is still limited exploration of abductive reasoning. The multi-perspective and multi-level of causes is one of the core challenges of abductive reasoning, which cannot be solved well by existing methods. We construct a specialized dataset named DeepAbduction, which is designed for tra

    He, Jinwei, Lu, Feng

  17. arXiv2410.16978

    Multi-Layer Gaussian Splatting for Immersive Anatomy Visualization

    In medical image visualization, path tracing of volumetric medical data like CT scans produces lifelike three-dimensional visualizations. Immersive VR displays can further enhance the understanding of complex anatomies. Going beyond the diagnostic quality of traditional 2D slices, they enable interactive 3D evaluation of anatomies, supporting medical education and planning. Rendering high-quality visualizations in re

    Kleinbeck, Constantin, Schieber, Hannah, Engel, Klaus, Gutjahr, Ralf et al.

  18. arXiv2411.17513

    Human Vision Constrained Super-Resolution

    Modern deep-learning super-resolution (SR) techniques process images and videos independently of the underlying content and viewing conditions. However, the sensitivity of the human visual system (HVS) to image details changes depending on the underlying image characteristics, such as spatial frequency, luminance, color, contrast, or motion; as well viewing condition aspects such as ambient lighting and distance to t

    Karpenko, Volodymyr, Tariq, Taimoor, Condor, Jorge, Didyk, Piotr

  19. arXiv2411.17840

    Basic Research, Lethal Effects: Military AI Research Funding as Enlistment

    In the context of unprecedented U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) budgets, this paper examines the recent history of DoD funding for academic research in algorithmically based warfighting. We draw from a corpus of DoD grant solicitations from 2007 to 2023, focusing on those addressed to researchers in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Considering the implications of DoD funding for academic research, the pape

    Widder, David Gray, Gururaja, Sireesh, Suchman, Lucy

  20. arXiv2412.02983

    Prototypical Few-Shot Medical Image Semantic Segmentation with Background Fusion

    Few-shot Semantic Segmentation (FSS) aims to adapt a pre-trained model to new classes with as few as a single labeled training sample per class. The existing prototypical work used in natural image scenarios biasedly focus on capturing foreground's discrimination while employing a simplistic representation for background, grounded on the inherent observation separation between foreground and background. However,

    Dong, Yuan, Yu, Xiaoyu, Wan, Wentao, Xue, Jianchao et al.

  21. arXiv2412.03271

    Nonparametric Filtering, Estimation and Classification using Neural Jump ODEs

    Neural Jump ODEs model the conditional expectation between observations by neural ODEs and jump at arrival of new observations. They have demonstrated effectiveness for fully data-driven online forecasting in settings with irregular and partial observations, operating under weak regularity assumptions. This work extends the framework to input-output systems, enabling direct applications in online filtering and classi

    Heiss, Jakob, Krach, Florian, Schmidt, Thorsten, Tambe-Ndonfack, Félix B.

  22. arXiv2412.07751

    On Motion Blur and Deblurring in Visual Place Recognition

    Visual Place Recognition (VPR) in mobile robotics enables robots to localize themselves by recognizing previously visited locations using visual data. While the reliability of VPR methods has been extensively studied under conditions such as changes in illumination, season, weather and viewpoint, the impact of motion blur is relatively unexplored despite its relevance not only in rapid motion scenarios but also in lo

    Ismagilov, Timur, Ferrarini, Bruno, Milford, Michael, Nguyen, Tan Viet Tuyen et al.

  23. arXiv2501.05669

    LPRnet: A self-supervised registration network for LiDAR and photogrammetric point clouds

    LiDAR and photogrammetry are active and passive remote sensing techniques for point cloud acquisition, respectively, offering complementary advantages and heterogeneous. Due to the fundamental differences in sensing mechanisms, spatial distributions and coordinate systems, their point clouds exhibit significant discrepancies in density, precision, noise, and overlap. Coupled with the lack of ground truth for large-sc

    Wang, Chen, Gu, Yanfeng, Li, Xian

  24. arXiv2502.02097

    VerteNet -- A Multi-Context Hybrid CNN Transformer for Accurate Vertebral Landmark Localization in Lateral Spine DXA Images

    Vertebral Landmarks Localization in Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry based Lateral Spine Imaging plays a critical role in evaluating spinal alignment, Vertebral Fracture Assessment, and facilitating intervertebral guide placement for Abdominal Aortic Calcification quantification. While lateral spine DXA scans offer advantages such as reduced cost and lower radiation exposure, its analysis remains challenging due to a

    Maqsood, Arooba, Ilyas, Zaid, Saleem, Afsah, Zhang, Erchuan et al.

  25. arXiv2502.02763

    Looking Locally: Object-Centric Vision Transformers as Foundation Models for Efficient Segmentation

    Current state-of-the-art segmentation models encode entire images before focusing on specific objects. This wastes computational resources. We introduce FLIP (Fovea-Like Input Patching), a parameter-efficient vision model that realizes object segmentation through biologically-inspired top-down attention. FLIP selectively samples multi-resolution patches centered on objects of interest from the input. As a result, it

    Traub, Manuel, Butz, Martin V.

On this calendar day 18

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2020year

    After a five day search, the body of American actress and singer Naya Rivera was recovered from Lake Piru, confirming her death.

  2. 2014year

    Germany won the FIFA World Cup final against Argentina, with Mario Götze scoring the game's only goal (pictured) in the extra time.

  3. 2013year

    Typhoon Soulik (pictured) made landfall in East China and Taiwan, killing at least 20 people.

  4. 2003year

    French Directorate General for External Security personnel aborted an operation to rescue Colombian politician Íngrid Betancourt from FARC guerrillas, resulting in a political scandal.

  5. 1992year

    Croatian War of Independence: The Croatian Army concluded Operation Tiger, advancing 17 kilometres (11 miles) into the Dubrovnik hinterland.

  6. 1973year

    Watergate scandal: Under questioning by Senate investigators, White House deputy chief of staff Alexander Butterfield revealed the existence of a secret taping system (tape recorder pictured) in the Oval Office.

  7. 1962year

    In an unprecedented reshuffle, British prime minister Harold Macmillan (pictured) dismissed seven members of his cabinet.

  8. 1943year

    World War II: Operation Fustian, an Allied operation to capture the Primosole Bridge in Sicily, was launched.

  9. 1942year

    World War II: The 1st Filipino Infantry Regiment was converted from a battalion to accommodate a larger number of volunteers spurred on by the Japanese invasion of the Philippines.

  10. 1930year

    The first FIFA World Cup was opened in Uruguay.

  11. 1913year

    While on a campaign in Bulgaria, the Romanian Army suffered a cholera outbreak that led to around 1,600 deaths.

  12. 1863year

    Four days of rioting began in New York City in response to laws passed by the U.S. Congress to draft men to fight in the American Civil War.

  13. 1855year

    Firefighters in Toronto, Canada, destroyed the infrastructure of a visiting circus; police refusal to identify rioters caused widespread protest and a complete redesign of the city's police service.

  14. 1831year

    Wallachian officials adopted the Regulamentul Organic, which engendered a period of reforms that provided for the westernization of the local society.

  15. 1794year

    The Battle of Trippstadt between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria began.

  16. 1643year

    English Civil War: Royalist forces defeated the Parliamentarians at the Battle of Roundway Down near Devizes, Wiltshire.

  17. 1586year

    Anglo–Spanish War: A convoy of English ships from the Levant Company repelled a fleet of Spanish and Maltese galleys at the Battle of Pantelleria.

  18. 1260year

    Livonian Crusade: Samogitian forces defeated Teutonic knights and the Livonian Order at the Battle of Durbe.