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Record 09122025 · captured 2026-08-25

Tuesday, 9 December 2025

The world looked up List of most-visited websites. 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

← 2025-12-08 Tuesday, 9 December 2025 2025-12-10 →

Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 1,624,799views

    List of most-visited websites

    As of July 2026, Google Search is the world's most visited website, followed by YouTube, Facebook, and Instagram.

  2. 541,177views

    1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre

    Protests led by students and workers, known in China as the June Fourth Incident, were held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, from 15 April to 4 June 1989. After weeks of unsuccessful attempts between the demonstrators and the Chinese government to find a

  3. 534,807views

    Dhurandhar

    Dhurandhar is a 2025 Indian Hindi-language spy action thriller film written and directed by Aditya Dhar. It is produced by Aditya Dhar, Lokesh Dhar and Jyoti Deshpande under Jio Studios and B62 Studios. The film features an ensemble cast consisting of Ranveer

  4. 312,003views

    Lando Norris

    Lando Norris is a British racing driver who competes in Formula One for McLaren. Norris won the Formula One World Drivers' Championship in 2025 with McLaren, and has won 13 Grands Prix across eight seasons.

  5. 297,732views

    Google Chrome

    Google Chrome is a cross-platform web browser developed by Google. It was launched in September 2008 for Microsoft Windows and was built with free software components from Apple WebKit and Mozilla Firefox. Versions for Linux, macOS, iOS, iPadOS, and Android we

  6. 184,324views

    It – Welcome to Derry

    It: Welcome to Derry is an American supernatural horror television series based on Stephen King's 1986 novel It. Serving as a prequel to the films It (2017) and It Chapter Two (2019), the series was developed by Andy Muschietti, Barbara Muschietti and Jason Fu

  7. 170,625views

    Rehman Dakait

    Sardar Abdul Rehman Baloch, known by the alias Rehman Dakait, was a Pakistani gangster based in Karachi's Lyari neighbourhood who formed the Peoples' Aman Committee which was affiliated with the Pakistan People's Party. The Government of Sindh had set a reward

  8. 168,429views

    Sean Combs

    Sean John Combs, also known professionally as Diddy, is an American former rapper, record producer, record executive, and actor. He is credited with the discovery and development of musical artists such as the Notorious B.I.G., Mary J. Blige, and Usher, among

  9. 139,414views

    Millie Bobby Brown

    Millie Bonnie Bongiovi, known professionally as Millie Bobby Brown, is a British actress and film producer. She gained international recognition for playing Eleven in the Netflix science fiction series Stranger Things (2016–2025), for which she received nomina

  10. 135,450views

    Lists of deaths by year

    This is a list of lists of deaths of significant people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month and then linked below.

  11. 127,826views

    2026 FIFA World Cup

    The 2026 FIFA World Cup was the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's soccer championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament began on June 11, 2026, and concluded on July 19 with Spain winning

  12. 124,559views

    Bruce Lee

    Bruce Lee was a Hong Kong and American martial artist, actor, and filmmaker. He was the founder of Jeet Kune Do, a hybrid martial arts philosophy, which was formed from his experiences in unarmed fighting and self-defense—as well as eclectic, Zen Buddhist, and

  13. 110,949views

    Cassie Ventura

    Casandra Elizabeth Ventura is an American singer, dancer, actress, and model. Born in New London, Connecticut, she began her musical career in 2004 after meeting producer Ryan Leslie, who signed her to his record label, NextSelection Lifestyle Group. She was t

  14. 109,478views

    Zootopia 2

    Zootopia 2 is a 2025 American animated buddy cop comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios, the second film in the series and a sequel to Zootopia (2016). Directed by Jared Bush and Byron Howard and written by Bush, the film stars Ginnifer Goodwin,

  15. 100,695views

    Stranger Things

    Stranger Things is an American television series created by the Duffer Brothers for Netflix. Produced by Monkey Massacre Productions and 21 Laps Entertainment, the first season was released on Netflix on July 15, 2016. The second and third seasons followed in

  16. 98,622views

    2025 Formula One World Championship

    The 2025 FIA Formula One World Championship was a motor racing championship for Formula One cars and the 76th running of the Formula One World Championship. It was recognised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), the governing body of interna

  17. 97,296views

    Pluribus (TV series)

    Pluribus is an American post-apocalyptic science fiction television series created by Vince Gilligan for Apple TV. Set and filmed primarily in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the series follows novelist Carol Sturka, who finds herself isolated after an alien virus tr

  18. 97,231views

    Mohit Sharma (soldier)

    Major Mohit Sharma was an Indian Army Officer who was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, India's highest peace-time military decoration. Sharma was from the elite 1st Para SF.

  19. 93,304views

    Five Nights at Freddy's 2 (film)

    Five Nights at Freddy's 2 is a 2025 American supernatural horror film based on the video game series Five Nights at Freddy's created by Scott Cawthon and the sequel to the 2023 film adaptation. The film was directed by Emma Tammi and written by Cawthon. Josh H

  20. 91,102views

    Sara Arjun

    Sara Arjun is an Indian actress who primarily appears in Tamil and Hindi films. The daughter of actor Raj Arjun, she appeared in several television commercials, including advertisements for Clinic Plus, and a short Hindi film before the age of six. She gained

  21. 91,059views

    Fran Lebowitz

    Frances Ann Lebowitz is an American writer, public speaker, cultural critic, and actor. She is known for her sardonic social commentary on American life, particularly from a New York City perspective, and for her association with prominent figures in the city'

  22. 86,913views

    Stranger Things season 5

    The fifth and final season of the American science fiction horror drama television series Stranger Things, marketed as Stranger Things 5, was released on the streaming service Netflix in two volumes and the finale. The first set of four episodes was released o

  23. 80,356views

    Akshaye Khanna

    Akshaye Vinod Khanna is an Indian actor who predominantly works in Hindi films. Known for his acting versatility and strong portrayals, he has appeared in over 40 films. Khanna is often regarded as one of the finest actors in Hindi cinema. He is a recipient of

  24. 79,039views

    List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions

    The World Drivers' Championship is presented by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), motorsport's world governing body, to the most successful driver over the course of the season of Formula One races, through a points system based on individua

  25. 78,609views

    Curt Cignetti

    Curtis John Cignetti is an American college football coach who is the head football coach at Indiana University Bloomington. He previously served as the head coach at Indiana University of Pennsylvania (IUP) from 2011 to 2016, Elon University from 2017 to 2018

  26. 77,558views

    Aditya Dhar

    Aditya Dhar is an Indian filmmaker who works in Hindi cinema. Having previously worked as a lyricist, Dhar made his directorial debut with the 2019 war film Uri: The Surgical Strike, a commercially successful venture which earned him the National Film Award fo

  27. 77,505views

    Neatsville, Kentucky

    Neatsville is an unincorporated community in Adair County, in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It is located at the junction of Kentucky Route 206 and Kentucky Route 76. Its elevation is 705 feet (215 m). For unknown reasons, the town's name was spelled as Neetsvil

  28. 75,922views

    Aslam Khan (police officer)

    Aslam Khan, better known as Chaudhary Aslam, was a Pakistani police officer in the Sindh Police. He was known for his involvement in several encounter killings of criminals and militants. On 9 January 2014, he was killed in a suicide car bombing carried out by

  29. 75,060views

    Suge Knight

    Marion Hugh "Suge" Knight Jr. is an American former record executive who is the co-founder and former CEO of Death Row Records. Knight was a central figure in gangsta rap's commercial success in the 1990s. This feat is attributed to the record label's first tw

  30. 74,746views

    83rd Golden Globes

    The 83rd Golden Globes was an awards ceremony that honored excellence in film and American television productions of 2025. The winners were revealed during the live telecast, airing on CBS and streaming on Paramount+ on January 11, 2026, at the Beverly Hilton.

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 3,346points

    Show HN: Gemini Pro 3 imagines the HN front page 10 years from now

    965 comments

  2. 980points

    Ask HN: Should "I asked $AI, and it said" replies be forbidden in HN guidelines?

    462 comments

  3. 960points

    Australia begins enforcing world-first teen social media ban

    1,512 comments

  4. 817points

    10 Years of Let's Encrypt

    349 comments

  5. 777points

    Bruno Simon – 3D Portfolio

    188 comments

  6. 745points

    Mistral releases Devstral2 and Mistral Vibe CLI

    349 comments

  7. 693points

    PeerTube is recognized as a digital public good by Digital Public Goods Alliance

    160 comments

  8. 632points

    If you're going to vibe code, why not do it in C?

    612 comments

  9. 593points

    Pebble Index 01 – External memory for your brain

    588 comments

  10. 581points

    Horses: AI progress is steady. Human equivalence is sudden

    629 comments

  11. 400points

    How Google Maps allocates survival across London's restaurants

    211 comments

  12. 379points

    Django: what’s new in 6.0

    125 comments

  13. 363points

    Apple's slow AI pace becomes a strength as market grows weary of spending

    423 comments

  14. 358points

    The universal weight subspace hypothesis

    132 comments

  15. 288points

    Donating the Model Context Protocol and establishing the Agentic AI Foundation

    145 comments

  16. 270points

    30 Year Anniversary of WarCraft II: Tides of Darkness

    202 comments

  17. 269points

    Using e-ink tablet as monitor for Linux

    101 comments

  18. 239points

    So you want to speak at software conferences?

    131 comments

  19. 236points

    Go Proposal: Secret Mode

    115 comments

  20. 222points

    Kaiju – General purpose 3D/2D game engine in Go and Vulkan with built in editor

    108 comments

  21. 184points

    The Joy of Playing Grandia, on Sega Saturn

    123 comments

  22. 178points

    Show HN: AlgoDrill – Interactive drills to stop forgetting LeetCode patterns

    108 comments

  23. 177points

    A supersonic engine core makes the perfect power turbine

    295 comments

  24. 166points

    Modern Walkmans

    141 comments

  25. 160points

    My favourite small hash table

    36 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv1805.00432

    Real-time Air Pollution prediction model based on Spatiotemporal Big data

    Air pollution is one of the most concerns for urban areas. Many countries have constructed monitoring stations to hourly collect pollution values. Recently, there is a research in Daegu city, Korea for real-time air quality monitoring via sensors installed on taxis running across the whole city. The collected data is huge (1-second interval) and in both Spatial and Temporal format. In this paper, based on this spatio

    Le, Van-Duc, Bui, Tien-Cuong, Cha, Sang Kyun

  2. arXiv2205.09904

    Deep transfer learning for image classification: a survey

    Deep neural networks such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformers have achieved many successes in image classification in recent years. It has been consistently demonstrated that best practice for image classification is when large deep models can be trained on abundant labelled data. However there are many real world scenarios where the requirement for large amounts of training data to get the best

    Plested, Jo, Phiri, Musa, Gedeon, Tom

  3. arXiv2303.09406

    Exploiting Supply Chain Interdependencies for Stock Return Prediction: A Full-State Graph Convolutional LSTM

    Stock return prediction is fundamental to financial decision-making, yet traditional time series models fail to capture the complex interdependencies between companies in modern markets. We propose the Full-State Graph Convolutional LSTM (FS-GCLSTM), a novel temporal graph neural network that incorporates value-chain relationships to enhance stock return forecasting. Our approach features two key innovations: First,

    Liu, Chang

  4. arXiv2303.11228

    Bimodal SegNet: Instance Segmentation Fusing Events and RGB Frames for Robotic Grasping

    Object segmentation for robotic grasping under dynamic conditions often faces challenges such as occlusion, low light conditions, motion blur and object size variance. To address these challenges, we propose a Deep Learning network that fuses two types of visual signals, event-based data and RGB frame data. The proposed Bimodal SegNet network has two distinct encoders, one for each signal input and a spatial pyramida

    Kachole, Sanket, Huang, Xiaoqian, Naeini, Fariborz Baghaei, Muthusamy, Rajkumar et al.

  5. arXiv2303.17932

    Trimming Phonetic Alignments Improves the Inference of Sound Correspondence Patterns from Multilingual Wordlists

    Sound correspondence patterns form the basis of cognate detection and phonological reconstruction in historical language comparison. Methods for the automatic inference of correspondence patterns from phonetically aligned cognate sets have been proposed, but their application to multilingual wordlists requires extremely well annotated datasets. Since annotation is tedious and time consuming, it would be desirable to

    Blum, Frederic, List, Johann-Mattis

  6. arXiv2304.02278

    SCMM: Calibrating Cross-modal Representations for Text-Based Person Search

    Text-Based Person Search (TBPS) aims to retrieve target person images from a large-scale gallery using natural language descriptions, posing fundamental challenges in cross-modal representation learning. Existing methods often struggle to bridge the semantic gap between heterogeneous modalities while capturing fine-grained correspondences essential for discriminating visually similar individuals. To address these cha

    Liu, Jing, Wei, Donglai, Liu, Yang, Zhang, Sipeng et al.

  7. arXiv2305.12066

    Attacking All Tasks at Once Using Adversarial Examples in Multi-Task Learning

    Visual content understanding frequently relies on multi-task models to extract robust representations of a single visual input for multiple downstream tasks. However, in comparison to extensively studied single-task models, the adversarial robustness of multi-task models has received significantly less attention and many questions remain unclear: 1) How robust are multi-task models to single task adversarial attacks,

    Zhang, Lijun, Liu, Xiao, Mahmood, Kaleel, Ding, Caiwen et al.

  8. arXiv2305.17705

    Towards Autonomous and Safe Last-mile Deliveries with AI-augmented Self-driving Delivery Robots

    In addition to its crucial impact on customer satisfaction, last-mile delivery (LMD) is notorious for being the most time-consuming and costly stage of the shipping process. Pressing environmental concerns combined with the recent surge of e-commerce sales have sparked renewed interest in automation and electrification of last-mile logistics. To address the hurdles faced by existing robotic couriers, this paper intro

    Shaklab, Eyad, Karapetyan, Areg, Sharma, Arjun, Mebrahtu, Murad et al.

  9. arXiv2307.11452

    Providing personalized Explanations: a Conversational Approach

    The increasing applications of AI systems require personalized explanations for their behaviors to various stakeholders since the stakeholders may have various knowledge and backgrounds. In general, a conversation between explainers and explainees not only allows explainers to obtain the explainees' background, but also allows explainees to better understand the explanations. In this paper, we propose an approach

    Luo, Jieting, Studer, Thomas, Dastani, Mehdi

  10. arXiv2308.09388

    Diffusion Models for Image Restoration and Enhancement: A Comprehensive Survey

    Image restoration (IR) has been an indispensable and challenging task in the low-level vision field, which strives to improve the subjective quality of images distorted by various forms of degradation. Recently, the diffusion model has achieved significant advancements in the visual generation of AIGC, thereby raising an intuitive question, "whether diffusion model can boost image restoration". To answer this

    Li, Xin, Ren, Yulin, Jin, Xin, Lan, Cuiling et al.

  11. arXiv2310.04752

    A Unified Perspective for Loss-Oriented Imbalanced Learning via Localization

    Due to the inherent imbalance in real-world datasets, naïve Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) tends to bias the learning process towards the majority classes, hindering generalization to minority classes. To rebalance the learning process, one straightforward yet effective approach is to modify the loss function via class-dependent terms, such as re-weighting and logit-adjustment. However, existing analysis of these

    Wang, Zitai, Xu, Qianqian, Yang, Zhiyong, Xu, Zhikang et al.

  12. arXiv2311.11853

    Asynchronous Bioplausible Neuron for SNN for Event Vision

    Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired approach to computer vision that can lead to more efficient processing of visual data with reduced energy consumption. However, maintaining homeostasis within these networks is challenging, as it requires continuous adjustment of neural responses to preserve equilibrium and optimal processing efficiency amidst diverse and often unpredictable input signals.

    Kachole, Sanket, Sajwani, Hussain, Naeini, Fariborz Baghaei, Makris, Dimitrios et al.

  13. arXiv2312.13976

    Anatomical basis of sex differences in the electrocardiogram identified by three-dimensional torso-heart imaging reconstruction pipeline

    The electrocardiogram (ECG) is used for diagnosis and risk stratification in myocardial infarction (MI). Women have a higher incidence of missed MI diagnosis and complications following infarction, and to address this we aim to provide quantitative information on sex-differences in ECG and torso-ventricular anatomical features and their interdependence. A novel computational automated pipeline is presented enabling t

    Smith, Hannah J., Rodriguez, Blanca, Sang, Yuling, Beetz, Marcel et al.

  14. arXiv2401.00005

    Consciousness as a logically consistent and prognostic model of reality

    The work demonstrates that brain might reflect the external world causal relationships in the form of a logically consistent and prognostic model of reality, which shows up as consciousness. The paper analyses and solves the problem of statistical ambiguity and provides a formal model of causal relationships as probabilistic maximally specific rules. We suppose that brain makes all possible inferences from causal rel

    Vityaev, Evgenii

  15. arXiv2401.13147

    Deep Spatiotemporal Clutter Filtering of Transthoracic Echocardiographic Images: Leveraging Contextual Attention and Residual Learning

    This study presents a deep convolutional autoencoder network for filtering reverberation clutter from transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) image sequences. Given the spatiotemporal nature of this type of clutter, the filtering network employs 3D convolutional layers to suppress it throughout the cardiac cycle. The design of the network incorporates two key features that contribute to the effectiveness of the filter:

    Tabassian, Mahdi, Akbari, Somayeh, Queirós, Sandro, D'hooge, Jan

  16. arXiv2401.13650

    Tyche: Stochastic In-Context Learning for Medical Image Segmentation

    Existing learning-based solutions to medical image segmentation have two important shortcomings. First, for most new segmentation task, a new model has to be trained or fine-tuned. This requires extensive resources and machine learning expertise, and is therefore often infeasible for medical researchers and clinicians. Second, most existing segmentation methods produce a single deterministic segmentation mask for a g

    Rakic, Marianne, Wong, Hallee E., Ortiz, Jose Javier Gonzalez, Cimini, Beth et al.

  17. arXiv2402.11192

    I Learn Better If You Speak My Language: Understanding the Superior Performance of Fine-Tuning Large Language Models with LLM-Generated Responses

    This paper explores an intriguing observation: fine-tuning a large language model (LLM) with responses generated by a LLM often yields better results than using responses generated by humans, particularly in reasoning tasks. We conduct an in-depth investigation to understand why this occurs. Contrary to the common belief that these instances is due to the more detailed nature of LLM-generated content, our study ident

    Ren, Xuan, Wu, Biao, Liu, Lingqiao

  18. arXiv2402.17801

    Generative AI and Copyright: A Dynamic Perspective

    The rapid advancement of generative AI is poised to disrupt the creative industry. Amidst the immense excitement for this new technology, its future development and applications in the creative industry hinge crucially upon two copyright issues: 1) the compensation to creators whose content has been used to train generative AI models (the fair use standard); and 2) the eligibility of AI-generated content for copyrigh

    Yang, S. Alex, Zhang, Angela Huyue

  19. arXiv2402.18147

    A Lightweight Low-Light Image Enhancement Network via Channel Prior and Gamma Correction

    Human vision relies heavily on available ambient light to perceive objects. Low-light scenes pose two distinct challenges: information loss due to insufficient illumination and undesirable brightness shifts. Low-light image enhancement (LLIE) refers to image enhancement technology tailored to handle this scenario. We introduce CPGA-Net, an innovative LLIE network that combines dark/bright channel priors and gamma cor

    Weng, Shyang-En, Miaou, Shaou-Gang, Christanto, Ricky

  20. arXiv2402.19020

    Self-supervised Learning-based Reconstruction of High-resolution 4D Light Fields

    Hand-held light field (LF) cameras often exhibit low spatial resolution due to the inherent trade-off between spatial and angular dimensions. Existing supervised learning-based LF spatial super-resolution (SR) methods, which rely on pre-defined image degradation models, struggle to overcome the domain gap between the training phase -- where LFs with natural resolution are used as ground truth -- and the inference pha

    Lei, Jianxin, Wu, Dongze, Xu, Chengcai, Gu, Hongcheng et al.

  21. arXiv2403.17507

    Ensemble Learning of Machine Learning Force Fields

    Machine learning force fields (MLFFs) are a promising approach to balance the accuracy of quantum mechanics with the efficiency of classical potentials, yet selecting an optimal model amid increasingly diverse architectures that delivers reliable force predictions and stable simulations remains a core pratical challenge. Here we introduce EL-MLFFs, an ensemble learning framework that uses a stacking methodology to in

    Yin, Bangchen, Yin, Yue, Tang, Yuda W., Xiao, Hai

  22. arXiv2403.18044

    Deep polytopic autoencoders for low-dimensional linear parameter-varying approximations and nonlinear feedback design

    Polytopic autoencoders provide low-di\-men\-sion\-al parametrizations of states in a polytope. For nonlinear PDEs, this is readily applied to low-dimensional linear parameter-varying (LPV) approximations as they have been exploited for efficient nonlinear controller design via series expansions of the solution to the state-dependent Riccati equation. In this work, we develop a polytopic autoencoder for control applic

    Heiland, Jan, Kim, Yongho, Werner, Steffen W. R.

  23. arXiv2404.01064

    Roadside Monocular 3D Detection Prompted by 2D Detection

    Roadside monocular 3D detection requires detecting objects of predefined classes in an RGB frame and predicting their 3D attributes, such as bird's-eye-view (BEV) locations. It has broad applications in traffic control, vehicle-vehicle communication, and vehicle-infrastructure cooperative perception. To address this task, we introduce Promptable 3D Detector (Pro3D), a novel detector design that leverages 2D detec

    Ma, Yechi, Li, Yanan, Hua, Wei, Kong, Shu

  24. arXiv2404.02300

    SDT-GNN: Streaming-based Distributed Training Framework for Graph Neural Networks

    Recently, distributed GNN training frameworks, such as DistDGL and PyG, have been developed to enable training GNN models on large graphs by leveraging multiple GPUs in a distributed manner. Despite these advances, their memory requirements are still excessively high, thereby hindering GNN training on large graphs using commodity workstations. In this paper, we propose SDT-GNN, a streaming-based distributed GNN train

    Huang, Xin, Zhuo, Weipeng, Vuong, Minh Phu, Li, Shiju et al.

  25. arXiv2404.03764

    Covariate-Elaborated Robust Partial Information Transfer with Conditional Spike-and-Slab Prior

    The popularity of transfer learning stems from the fact that it can borrow information from useful auxiliary datasets. Existing statistical transfer learning methods usually adopt a global similarity measure between the source data and the target data, which may lead to inefficiency when only partial information is shared. In this paper, we propose a novel Bayesian transfer learning method named ``CONCERT'' t

    Zhang, Ruqian, Zhang, Yijiao, Qu, Annie, Zhu, Zhongyi et al.

On this calendar day 18

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2022year

    Members of the European Parliament, including Vice President Eva Kaili (pictured), and their associates are arrested in connection with the Qatar corruption scandal.

  2. 2017year

    Same-sex marriage in Australia became legal as the Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017 came into effect.

  3. 2016year

    Park Geun-hye, the president of South Korea, was impeached, marking the culmination of the country's political scandal.

  4. 2008year

    Rod Blagojevich, the governor of Illinois, was arrested on corruption charges, including for attempting to sell the U.S. Senate seat being vacated by president-elect Barack Obama.

  5. 1990year

    In Serbia's first multi-party election, Slobodan Milošević won the presidential election and the Socialist Party of Serbia won the majority of seats in the National Assembly.

  6. 1981year

    Mumia Abu-Jamal was arrested for the murder of Philadelphia police officer Daniel Faulkner; his subsequent conviction and death sentence generated controversy in the United States.

  7. 1979year

    A World Health Organization commission of scientists certified the global eradication of smallpox (virus pictured), making it the only human infectious disease to date to have been completely eradicated.

  8. 1969year

    U.S. secretary of state William P. Rogers proposed a plan, later called the Rogers Plan, for a ceasefire in the War of Attrition; Egypt's and Jordan's acceptance of the plan over Palestine Liberation Organization objections led to civil war in Jordan in September 1970.

  9. 1968year

    Douglas Engelbart gave what became known as "The Mother of All Demos", publicly debuting the computer mouse (pictured), hypertext, and the bit-mapped graphical user interface using the computer system NLS.

  10. 1965year

    A large, brilliant fireball was seen by thousands in midwestern North America before landing in Kecksburg, Pennsylvania.

  11. 1961year

    Tanganyika Territory gained independence from Britain before becoming part of Tanzania three years later.

  12. 1948year

    The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Genocide Convention, which defines genocide in legal terms and obligates its signatories to pursue the enforcement of its prohibition.

  13. 1940year

    Second World War: British and Commonwealth forces began Operation Compass, the first major Allied military operation of the Western Desert campaign.

  14. 1917year

    First World War: Hussein al-Husayni, the Ottoman mayor of Jerusalem, surrendered the city to British forces (pictured).

  15. 1911year

    A mine explosion near Briceville, Tennessee, killed 84 miners despite a well-organized rescue effort led by the United States Bureau of Mines.

  16. 1897year

    French actress, journalist and leading suffragette Marguerite Durand founded the feminist newspaper La Fronde.

  17. 1892year

    The English association football club Newcastle United was founded by the merger of Newcastle East End and West End.

  18. 1888year

    The first edition of the Argosy magazine was published under the title The Golden Argosy.