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Record 03042026 · captured 2026-08-25

Friday, 3 April 2026

The world looked up Artemis II. 30 tracked subjects, 25 discussions, 25 papers. This record is frozen and will not change.

Complete record JSON

← 2026-04-02 Friday, 3 April 2026 2026-04-04 →

Attention 30

What the most people looked up, ranked by Wikipedia pageviews for that day.

  1. 797,863views

    Artemis II

    Artemis II was a crewed flyby of the Moon. It is currently the only crewed flight beyond low Earth orbit since Apollo 17 in 1972. It was the first crewed flight of the NASA-led Artemis program, the first crewed flight of the Space Launch System (SLS), and the

  2. 398,179views

    Pam Bondi

    Pamela Jo Bondi is an American attorney and politician who served as the 87th United States attorney general from 2025 to 2026. A member of the Republican Party, she served as the 37th attorney general of Florida from 2011 to 2019.

  3. 292,760views

    Dhurandhar: The Revenge

    Dhurandhar: The Revenge is a 2026 Indian Hindi-language spy action-thriller film written and directed by Aditya Dhar. It is produced by Dhar, Lokesh Dhar, and Jyoti Deshpande under Jio Studios and B62 Studios. It is a sequel to the 2025 film Dhurandhar and the

  4. 224,476views

    Todd Blanche

    Todd Wallace Blanche is an American attorney and former prosecutor who is the 88th United States attorney general, having served in an acting capacity from April 2026 until his confirmation in August. Blanche has also served as the 40th deputy U.S. attorney ge

  5. 211,009views

    The Super Mario Galaxy Movie

    The Super Mario Galaxy Movie is a 2026 American animated adventure comedy film based on Nintendo's Mario video game franchise. Directed by Aaron Horvath and Michael Jelenic and written by Matthew Fogel, it is the sequel to The Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023). C

  6. 185,582views

    Christina Koch

    Christina Hammock Koch is an American engineer and NASA astronaut. On her mission to the International Space Station in 2019–20 she was part of the first all‑female spacewalk and set the record for the longest spaceflight by a woman. On the Artemis II lunar fl

  7. 183,784views

    List of highest-grossing Indian films

    This ranking lists the highest-grossing Indian films produced by Indian cinema, based on conservative global box office estimates as reported by organisations classified as green by Wikipedia. The figures are not adjusted for inflation. However, there is no of

  8. 169,060views

    Lee Zeldin

    Lee Michael Zeldin is an American politician and lawyer serving as the 17th administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) since January 2025. Previously, he served in the United States House of Representatives, representing New York's 1st congress

  9. 163,906views

    Lamar Odom

    Lamar Joseph Odom is an American former professional basketball player who played for four teams during his 14-year career in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and won back-to-back championships in 2009 and 2010 with the Los Angeles Lakers. He was als

  10. 145,266views

    Reid Wiseman

    Gregory Reid Wiseman is a United States Navy captain, test pilot, and NASA astronaut. He was the commander of the 2026 Artemis II lunar flyby mission, the first crewed flight around the Moon since Apollo 17 in 1972. He served as the 17th chief of the Astronaut

  11. 143,794views

    2026 Iran war

    Since 28 February 2026, the United States and Israel have been at war with Iran and its regional allies. Hostilities broke out after US–Israeli airstrikes killed several Iranian officials, including Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. The strikes were launched amid o

  12. 142,499views

    Ted Bundy

    Theodore Robert Bundy was an American serial killer who kidnapped, raped and murdered dozens of young women and girls between 1974 and 1978. His modus operandi typically consisted of convincing his target that he was in need of assistance or duping them into b

  13. 137,983views

    Jeremy Hansen

    Jeremy Roger Hansen is a Royal Canadian Air Force colonel and CSA astronaut. As a mission specialist on Artemis II in April 2026, he became the only person not from the United States to travel beyond low Earth orbit and to travel to the vicinity of the Moon. H

  14. 133,911views

    Maundy Thursday

    Maundy Thursday, also referred to as Holy Thursday, or Thursday of the Lord's Supper, among other names, is a Christian feast during Holy Week that marks the beginning of the Paschal Triduum, and commemorates the Washing of the Feet (Maundy) and Last Supper of

  15. 130,544views

    Artemis program

    The Artemis program is a Moon exploration program led by the United States' National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), aimed at returning humans to the Moon for the first time since the Apollo program and building a permanent lunar base. It was form

  16. 127,661views

    Deaths in 2026

    The following notable deaths occurred in 2026. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent nationality, what subject was

  17. 125,054views

    Project Hail Mary (film)

    Project Hail Mary is a 2026 American science fiction film produced and directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller and written by Drew Goddard, based on the 2021 novel of the same name by Andy Weir. It stars Ryan Gosling, who also produced the film, as Ryland

  18. 123,529views

    Anti-lock braking system

    An anti-lock braking system (ABS) is a safety anti-skid braking system used on aircraft and on land vehicles, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, and buses. ABS operates by preventing the wheels from locking up during braking, thereby maintaining tractive conta

  19. 117,335views

    2026 FIFA World Cup

    The 2026 FIFA World Cup was the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's soccer championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament began on June 11, 2026, and concluded on July 19 with Spain winning

  20. 109,765views

    Kristi Noem

    Kristi Lynn Arnold Noem is an American politician serving as the United States special envoy for the Shield of the Americas since 2026. From 2025 to 2026, she served as the eighth United States secretary of homeland security. A member of the Republican Party,

  21. 105,376views

    Good Friday

    Good Friday, also known as Holy Friday, Great Friday, Great and Holy Friday, or Friday of the Passion of the Lord, is a solemn Christian holy day commemorating the crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary (Golgotha), part of the Passion of Jesus. It is ob

  22. 102,137views

    The Drama (film)

    The Drama is a 2026 American dark romantic comedy film written and directed by Kristoffer Borgli. It stars Zendaya and Robert Pattinson as a happily engaged couple whose relationship is tested by an unexpected revelation the week before their wedding.

  23. 101,767views

    Survivor 50: In the Hands of the Fans

    Survivor 50: In the Hands of the Fans is the 50th season of the American competitive reality television series Survivor. It premiered on February 25, 2026, on CBS in the United States, and it is the eighteenth consecutive season to be filmed in the Mamanuca Is

  24. 94,104views

    Victor Glover

    Victor Jerome Glover Jr. is a United States Navy captain, test pilot, and NASA astronaut. A former F/A‑18 pilot and graduate of the United States Air Force Test Pilot School, in 2020, he piloted the first operational flight of SpaceX's Crew Dragon to the Inter

  25. 90,150views

    Neatsville, Kentucky

    Neatsville is an unincorporated community in Adair County, in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It is located at the junction of Kentucky Route 206 and Kentucky Route 76. Its elevation is 705 feet (215 m). For unknown reasons, the town's name was spelled as Neetsvil

  26. 89,099views

    Orion (spacecraft)

    The Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV) is a partially reusable crewed spacecraft used by NASA for the Artemis lunar exploration program. It consists of a crew module (CM), a space capsule built by Lockheed Martin, and is paired with a European Service Mod

  27. 88,176views

    Malachi Barton

    Malachi Daniel Barton is an American actor. Known for his roles in Disney Channel productions, he first gained prominence starring in the television series Stuck in the Middle (2016–2018) as Beast Diaz. He also starred as Colby Madden in The Villains of Valley

  28. 84,835views

    Thymopoietin

    Lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2), isoforms beta/gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMPO gene. LAP2 is an inner nuclear membrane (INM) protein.

  29. 84,232views

    Corrosion

    Corrosion is a natural process that converts a refined metal into a more chemically stable oxide. It is the gradual deterioration of materials by chemical or electrochemical reaction with their environment. Corrosion engineering is the field dedicated to contr

  30. 79,487views

    Something Very Bad Is Going to Happen

    Something Very Bad Is Going to Happen is an American horror television miniseries created by Haley Z. Boston for Netflix. Boston serves as the series showrunner and is also an executive producer along with the Duffer Brothers. Camila Morrone and Adam DiMarco s

Frontier 25

What the people building things argued about, from Hacker News.

  1. 1,099points

    Tell HN: Anthropic no longer allowing Claude Code subscriptions to use OpenClaw

    827 comments

  2. 1,077points

    Artemis II crew take “spectacular” image of Earth

    387 comments

  3. 783points

    Show HN: I built a frontpage for personal blogs

    195 comments

  4. 743points

    Show HN: Apfel – The free AI already on your Mac

    157 comments

  5. 614points

    F-15E jet shot down over Iran

    1,397 comments

  6. 554points

    The FAA’s flight restriction for drones is an attempt to criminalize filming ICE

    180 comments

  7. 534points

    iNaturalist

    135 comments

  8. 521points

    Oracle files H-1B visa petitions amid mass layoffs

    314 comments

  9. 514points

    OpenClaw privilege escalation vulnerability

    256 comments

  10. 433points

    Claude Code Found a Linux Vulnerability Hidden for 23 Years

    268 comments

  11. 393points

    Marc Andreessen is wrong about introspection

    478 comments

  12. 361points

    European alternatives to Google, Apple, Dropbox and 120 US apps

    158 comments

  13. 357points

    NHS staff refusing to use FDP over Palantir ethical concerns

    172 comments

  14. 330points

    April 2026 TLDR Setup for Ollama and Gemma 4 26B on a Mac mini

    123 comments

  15. 292points

    Solar and batteries can power the world

    460 comments

  16. 291points

    Post Mortem: axios NPM supply chain compromise

    142 comments

  17. 268points

    SSH certificates: the better SSH experience

    128 comments

  18. 248points

    Iran strikes leave Amazon availability zones "hard down" in Bahrain and Dubai

    123 comments

  19. 242points

    Critics say EU risks ceding control of its tech laws under U.S. pressure

    142 comments

  20. 233points

    Why are we still using Markdown?

    309 comments

  21. 221points

    Run Linux containers on Android, no root required

    87 comments

  22. 220points

    Running out of disk space in production

    129 comments

  23. 206points

    Go on Embedded Systems and WebAssembly

    40 comments

  24. 206points

    Build your own Dial-up ISP with a Raspberry Pi

    36 comments

  25. 195points

    Firm boosts H.264 streaming license fees from $100k up to staggering $4.5M

    75 comments

Research 25

Papers submitted to arXiv cs.AI that day.

  1. arXiv2208.02389

    Risk-Aware Linear Bandits: Theory and Applications in Smart Order Routing

    Motivated by practical considerations in machine learning for financial decision-making, such as risk aversion and large action space, we consider risk-aware bandits optimization with applications in smart order routing (SOR). Specifically, based on preliminary observations of linear price impacts made from the NASDAQ ITCH dataset, we initiate the study of risk-aware linear bandits. In this setting, we aim at minimiz

    Ji, Jingwei, Xu, Renyuan, Zhu, Ruihao

  2. arXiv2210.13277

    CompressedScaffnew: The First Theoretical Double Acceleration of Communication from Local Training and Compression in Distributed Optimization

    In distributed optimization, a large number of machines alternate between local computations and communication with a coordinating server. Communication, which can be slow and costly, is the main bottleneck in this setting. To reduce this burden and therefore accelerate distributed gradient descent, two strategies are popular: 1) communicate less frequently; that is, perform several iterations of local computations b

    Condat, Laurent, Agarský, Ivan, Richtárik, Peter

  3. arXiv2302.14490

    Estimating Head Motion from MR-Images

    Head motion is an omnipresent confounder of magnetic resonance image (MRI) analyses as it systematically affects morphometric measurements, even when visual quality control is performed. In order to estimate subtle head motion, that remains undetected by experts, we introduce a deep learning method to predict in-scanner head motion directly from T1-weighted (T1w), T2-weighted (T2w) and fluid-attenuated inversion reco

    Pollak, Clemens, Kügler, David, Reuter, Martin

  4. arXiv2305.13936

    Robust Multi-agent Communication via Multi-view Message Certification

    Many multi-agent scenarios require message sharing among agents to promote coordination, hastening the robustness of multi-agent communication when policies are deployed in a message perturbation environment. Major relevant works tackle this issue under specific assumptions, like a limited number of message channels would sustain perturbations, limiting the efficiency in complex scenarios. In this paper, we take a fu

    Yuan, Lei, Jiang, Tao, Li, Lihe, Chen, Feng et al.

  5. arXiv2310.19603

    Transformers Can Solve Non-Linear and Non-Markovian Filtering Problems in Continuous Time For Conditionally Gaussian Signals

    The use of attention-based deep learning models in stochastic filtering, e.g. transformers and deep Kalman filters, has recently come into focus; however, the potential for these models to solve stochastic filtering problems remains largely unknown. The paper provides an affirmative answer to this open problem in the theoretical foundations of machine learning by showing that a class of continuous-time transformer mo

    Horvath, Blanka, Kratsios, Anastasis, Limmer, Yannick, Yang, Xuwei

  6. arXiv2312.06608

    Information theory for dimensionality reduction in dynamical systems

    The dynamics of many-body systems can often be captured in terms of only a few relevant variables. Mathematical and numerical approaches exist to identify these variables by exploiting a separation of time scales between slow relevant and fast irrelevant variables, but such a separation of scales is not always obvious or even available. In this work, we introduce an information-theoretic framework for dimensionality

    Schmitt, Matthew S., Koch-Janusz, Maciej, Fruchart, Michel, Seara, Daniel S. et al.

  7. arXiv2401.05308

    Tackling Non-IIDness in HAPS-Aided Federated Learning

    High-altitude platform stations (HAPS) enable large-scale federated learning (FL) in non-terrestrial networks (NTN) by providing wide-area coverage and predominantly line-of-sight (LoS) connectivity to many ground users. However, practical deployments face heterogeneous and non-independently and identically distributed (non-IID) client data, which degrades accuracy and slows convergence. We propose a weighted attribu

    Farajzadeh, Amin, Yadav, Animesh, Yanikomeroglu, Halim

  8. arXiv2401.15855

    Cross-Scale MAE: A Tale of Multi-Scale Exploitation in Remote Sensing

    Remote sensing images present unique challenges to image analysis due to the extensive geographic coverage, hardware limitations, and misaligned multi-scale images. This paper revisits the classical multi-scale representation learning problem but under the general framework of self-supervised learning for remote sensing image understanding. We present Cross-Scale MAE, a self-supervised model built upon the Masked Aut

    Tang, Maofeng, Cozma, Andrei, Georgiou, Konstantinos, Qi, Hairong

  9. arXiv2405.01158

    Towards Transparent and Efficient Anomaly Detection in Industrial Processes through ExIFFI

    Anomaly Detection (AD) is crucial in industrial settings to streamline operations by detecting underlying issues. Conventional methods merely label observations as normal or anomalous, lacking crucial insights. In Industry 5.0, interpretable outcomes become desirable to enable users to understand the rational under model decisions. This paper presents the first industrial application of ExIFFI, a recent approach for

    Frizzo, Davide, Borsatti, Francesco, Arcudi, Alessio, De Moliner, Antonio et al.

  10. arXiv2405.06692

    Analyzing Language Bias Between French and English in Conventional Multilingual Sentiment Analysis Models

    Inspired by the 'Bias Considerations in Bilingual Natural Language Processing' report by Statistics Canada, this study delves into potential biases in multilingual sentiment analysis between English and French. Given a 50-50 dataset of French and English, we aim to determine if there exists a language bias and explore how the incorporation of more diverse datasets in the future might affect the equity of mult

    Wong, Ethan Parker, M'hiri, Faten

  11. arXiv2406.09031

    A Comprehensive Graph Pooling Benchmark: Effectiveness, Robustness and Generalizability

    Graph pooling has gained attention for its ability to obtain effective node and graph representations for various downstream tasks. Despite the recent surge in graph pooling approaches, there is a lack of standardized experimental settings and fair benchmarks to evaluate their performance. To address this issue, we have constructed a comprehensive benchmark that includes 17 graph pooling methods and 28 different grap

    Wang, Pengyun, Luo, Junyu, Shen, Yanxin, Zhang, Ming et al.

  12. arXiv2407.15828

    J-CHAT: Japanese Large-scale Spoken Dialogue Corpus for Spoken Dialogue Language Modeling

    Spoken dialogue is essential for human-AI interactions, providing expressive capabilities beyond text. Developing effective spoken dialogue systems (SDSs) requires large-scale, high-quality, and diverse spoken dialogue corpora. However, existing datasets are often limited in size, spontaneity, or linguistic coherence. To address these limitations, we introduce J-CHAT, a 76,000-hour open-source Japanese spoken dialogu

    Nakata, Wataru, Seki, Kentaro, Yanaka, Hitomi, Saito, Yuki et al.

  13. arXiv2408.11918

    Interpretable Classification via a Rule Network with Selective Logical Operators

    We introduce the Rule Network with Selective Logical Operators (RNS), a novel neural architecture that employs \textbf{selective logical operators} to adaptively choose between AND and OR operations at each neuron during training. Unlike existing approaches that rely on fixed architectural designs with predetermined logical operations, our selective logical operators treat weight parameters as hard selectors, enablin

    Wei, Bowen, Zhu, Ziwei

  14. arXiv2409.10095

    Human Insights Driven Latent Space for Different Driving Perspectives: A Unified Encoder for Efficient Multi-Task Inference

    Autonomous driving systems require a comprehensive understanding of the environment, achieved by extracting visual features essential for perception, planning, and control. However, models trained solely on single-task objectives or generic datasets often lack the contextual information needed for robust performance in complex driving scenarios. In this work, we propose a unified encoder trained on multiple computer

    Nguyen, Huy-Dung, Bairouk, Anass, Maras, Mirjana, Xiao, Wei et al.

  15. arXiv2410.03140

    In-context Learning in Presence of Spurious Correlations

    Large language models exhibit a remarkable capacity for in-context learning, where they learn to solve tasks given a few examples. Recent work has shown that transformers can be trained to perform simple regression tasks in-context. This work explores the possibility of training an in-context learner for classification tasks involving spurious features. We find that the conventional approach of training in-context le

    Harutyunyan, Hrayr, Darbinyan, Rafayel, Karapetyan, Samvel, Khachatrian, Hrant

  16. arXiv2410.17954

    ExpertFlow: Efficient Mixture-of-Experts Inference via Predictive Expert Caching and Token Scheduling

    Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models can outperform dense large language models at similar computation by activating only a small set of experts per token. However, stacking many expert modules introduces substantial parameter memory, which makes MoE models difficult to deploy in memory-constrained environments such as single-GPU devices. Offloading alleviates this issue by storing inactive experts in CPU memory an

    He, Xin, Zhang, Shunkang, Tang, Kaijie, Shi, Shaohuai et al.

  17. arXiv2411.06101

    Detecting Reference Errors in Scientific Literature with Large Language Models

    Reference errors, such as citation and quotation errors, are common in scientific papers. Such errors can result in the propagation of inaccurate information, but are difficult and time-consuming to detect, posing a significant challenge to scientific publishing. To support automatic detection of reference errors, this work evaluated the ability of large language models in OpenAI's GPT family to detect quotation

    Zhang, Tianmai M., Abernethy, Neil F.

  18. arXiv2411.11683

    Robot Collapse: Supply Chain Backdoor Attacks Against VLM-based Robotic Manipulation

    Robotic manipulation policies are increasingly empowered by \textit{large language models} (LLMs) and \textit{vision-language models} (VLMs), leveraging their understanding and perception capabilities. Recently, inference-time attacks against robotic manipulation have been extensively studied, yet backdoor attacks targeting model supply chain security in robotic policies remain largely unexplored. To fill this gap, w

    Wang, Xianlong, Pan, Hewen, Zhang, Hangtao, Li, Minghui et al.

  19. arXiv2411.12159

    Prognostics for Autonomous Deep-Space Habitat Health Management under Multiple Unknown Failure Modes

    Deep-space habitats (DSHs) are safety-critical systems that must operate autonomously for long periods, often beyond the reach of ground-based maintenance or expert intervention. Monitoring system health and anticipating failures are therefore essential. Prognostics based on remaining useful life (RUL) prediction support this goal by estimating how long a subsystem can operate before failure. Critical DSH subsystems,

    Peters, Benjamin, Mohanty, Ayush, Fang, Xiaolei, Robinson, Stephen K. et al.

  20. arXiv2411.16804

    InTraGen: Trajectory-controlled Video Generation for Object Interactions

    Advances in video generation have significantly improved the realism and quality of created scenes. This has fueled interest in developing intuitive tools that let users leverage video generation as world simulators. Text-to-video (T2V) generation is one such approach, enabling video creation from text descriptions only. Yet, due to the inherent ambiguity in texts and the limited temporal information offered by text

    Liu, Zuhao, Yanev, Aleksandar, Mahmood, Ahmad, Nikolov, Ivan et al.

  21. arXiv2412.04727

    Learning to Translate Noise for Robust Image Denoising

    Deep learning-based image denoising techniques often struggle with poor generalization performance to out-of-distribution real-world noise. To tackle this challenge, we propose a novel noise translation framework that performs denoising on an image with translated noise rather than directly denoising an original noisy image. Specifically, our approach translates complex, unknown real-world noise into Gaussian noise,

    Ha, Inju, Ryou, Donghun, Seo, Seonguk, Han, Bohyung

  22. arXiv2412.06154

    Modeling Multi-Objective Tradeoffs with Monotonic Utility Functions

    Countless science and engineering applications in multi-objective optimization (MOO) necessitate that decision-makers (DMs) select a Pareto-optimal (PO) solution which aligns with their preferences. Evaluating individual solutions is often expensive, and the high-dimensional trade-off space makes exhaustive exploration of the full Pareto frontier (PF) infeasible. We introduce a novel, principled two-step process for

    Chen, Edward, Dullerud, Natalie, Niedermayr, Thomas, Kidd, Elizabeth et al.

  23. arXiv2501.12215

    Automatic selection of the best neural architecture for time series forecasting

    Time series forecasting plays a pivotal role in a wide range of applications, including weather prediction, healthcare, structural health monitoring, predictive maintenance, energy systems, and financial markets. While models such as LSTM, GRU, Transformers, and State-Space Models (SSMs) have become standard tools in this domain, selecting the optimal architecture remains a challenge. Performance comparisons often de

    Cao, Qianying, Liu, Shanqing, Varghese, Alan John, Darbon, Jerome et al.

  24. arXiv2502.13024

    Fragility-aware Classification for Understanding Risk and Improving Generalization

    Classification models play a central role in data-driven decision-making applications such as medical diagnosis, recommendation systems, and risk assessment. Traditional performance metrics, such as accuracy and AUC, focus on overall error rates but fail to account for the confidence of incorrect predictions, i.e., the risk of confident misjudgments. This limitation is particularly consequential in safety-critical an

    Yang, Chen, Cui, Zheng, Long, Daniel Zhuoyu, Qi, Jin et al.

  25. arXiv2502.14708

    Human Misperception of Generative-AI Alignment: A Laboratory Experiment

    We conduct an incentivized laboratory experiment to study people's perception of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) alignment in the context of economic decision-making. Using a panel of economic problems spanning the domains of risk, time preference, social preference, and strategic interactions, we ask human subjects to make choices for themselves and to predict the choices made by GenAI on behalf of a

    He, Kevin, Shorrer, Ran, Xia, Mengjia

On this calendar day 18

Notable events recorded on this day and month across all years.

  1. 2018year

    A woman opened fire at YouTube headquarters in San Bruno, California, injuring three people before killing herself.

  2. 2013year

    The northeastern section of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, experienced several flash floods that killed at least 100 people.

  3. 2010year

    Apple Inc. released the first generation iPad, a tablet computer.

  4. 2009year

    A gunman opened fire at the American Civic Association in Binghamton, New York, U.S., killing thirteen and wounding four before committing suicide.

  5. 2008year

    Texas law enforcement authorities raided the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints' YFZ Ranch, eventually removing 533 women and children from the premises.

  6. 2000year

    In United States v. Microsoft Corp., Microsoft was found to have violated antitrust law by bundling the web browser Internet Explorer with its Windows operating system.

  7. 1996year

    A U.S. Air Force CT-43 crashed into a mountainside while attempting an instrument approach to Dubrovnik Airport in Croatia, killing all 35 people on board, including Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown.

  8. 1984year

    Aboard Soyuz T-11, Rakesh Sharma became the first Indian to be launched into space.

  9. 1974year

    The Super Outbreak of 148 tornadoes began, killing at least 315 people and injuring 5,484 in 13 US states at the end of a very strong La Niña event.

  10. 1966year

    Luna 10 (replica pictured) entered orbit around the Moon, becoming the first space probe to orbit an astronomical body other than Earth or the Sun.

  11. 1948year

    The Marshall Plan, an economic recovery program established by U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall to assist the post-World War II re-building of Europe, was signed into law.

  12. 1944year

    Philippine resistance against Japan: Cebuano fishermen discovered the Koga papers after a plane crash killed Admiral Mineichi Koga, commander-in-chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy's Combined Fleet.

  13. 1933year

    Lord Clydesdale and David McIntyre undertook the first successful flight over Mount Everest.

  14. 1922year

    Joseph Stalin became the first general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

  15. 1895year

    The libel trial instigated by Irish author Oscar Wilde (pictured) began, eventually resulting in his arrest, trial and imprisonment on charges of gross indecency.

  16. 1888year

    Emma Elizabeth Smith was killed in the first of eleven unsolved murders of women that took place in or near the impoverished Whitechapel district in the East End of London.

  17. 1860year

    The Pony Express, a mail service that became the most direct means of long-distance communication across the United States before the first transcontinental telegraph, began operation.

  18. 1721year

    Robert Walpole took office as First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House of Commons, becoming the first de facto prime minister of Great Britain.